Indian History Flashcards

3280134771	1640's	Brits had 5 trading posts- cloth, spices, sugar, taxes	0
3280136326	1877	Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India	1
3280138051	1885	Indian congress formed- influenced by western notions of self rule and nationalism	2
3280145940	1919	Independence movement, Amritsa massacre, salt revolt	3
3280150996	1935	Government of India Act	4
3280152366	1940	In Lahore resolution Jinnah called for the implementation of 2 state theory- supported by hindu nationalists, INC wanted secular and untied India	5
3280160205	1942	Quit India Campaign begins	6
3280160206	1946	Jinnah encourages separatist muslim homeland , lead to attacks on hindus in Calcutta, fearing civil war and with a lack of resources briitsh accelerate withdrawal	7
3280166671	14 of Aug 1947	Indian independence	8
3280172006	15 of Aug 1947	Pakistani independence	9
3280172007	Result of announcements of independence	14.5 million people crossed borders in the next year, sectarian violence cause 200 000-500 000 people to die, new government struggled to handle population exchanges, magnified by British withdrawal	10
3280181289	Oct 1947	Indian and Pakistani conflict over Kashmir begins	11
3280185190	1950s and 1960s	Indians advocate national language, feared linguistically based states would lead to separatism, state granted for Telagu speakers and became a precedent, made it difficult for central government to administer, develop, reform and create national changes	12
3280196108	condition of India at independence	low economic indicators, life expectancy of 32 years, Nehru embarked on land reforms and industrialization to improve living standards, socialist approach	13
3280202172	1951	Abolition of Zamandari system, redistribution of 30 acre plots	14
3280203886	Failure of land redistribution	estate holders retained monopolies, challenged power of dominant castes, expensive compensation	15
3280208170	1952	attempts at Maoist cooperative farming failed, limited reduction in inequality and poverty	16
3280211490	1965	monsoon failure brought possibility for famine	17
3280212405	1966	After green revolution conditions did not improve	18
3280215178	1951-1956	5 year plans of industrialization- factories built and foreign funding obtained	19
3280215179	1956-1961	5 year plans of industrialization- factories built and foreign funding obtained	20
3280217143	goals of 5 year plans	imports substituted by Indian goods, self sufficiency, increased employment	21
3280217866	Reality of 5 year plan	mixed economy emerged of private enterprise and public investment, protected economy not exposed to international competition stagnating innovation and incentive, Permit Raj- government officials sold permits and licenses for personal profit	22
3280221683	1990	economy deregulated	23
3280225659	1914	border between India and China drawn by Arthur McMahon, agreement never ratified and china claimed over 52 000 square kilometers of Indian territory	24
3280228649	1950	China annexed Tibet	25
3280229057	1954	Panscheel agreement hoped to dispel tensions	26
3280230014	1962	Nehru ordered troops to take all Indian territories held by Chinese aggressors	27
3280232378	Oct-Nov 1962	China occupied large parts of Assam without significant opposition	28
3280233870	result of 1962 conflict	1400 Indians killed in skirmishes, CHina withdrew under US promises of support, non-alignment discredited, failure by Nehru and Krishna Menon	29
3280262085	1955	Nehru visits soviet union to observe their planning methods and strengthen economic relationship	30
3280267113	1961	Nehru visits Truman in the states receives 150 million in aid	31