Leukocytes Flashcards

6389660945	What are leukocytes responsible for?	Responsible for the recognition, response, and removal of foreign material and damaged cells from the body	0
6389674842	Leukocytes are the major participants in both ______________ & _____________ system response mechanisms	inflammatory & immune	1
6389681641	The majority of leukocytes in the body are not freely circulating : T/F	True	2
6389691739	Proliferation Pool	Bone marrow	3
6389692867	Storage Pool	Spleen, bone marrow	4
6389698199	Circulating Pool	Blood stream	5
6389700030	Marginal Pool	Walls of small vessels	6
6389704773	Tissue Pool	Various tissues of the body -May contain up to 75% of leukocytes within the vasculature	7
6389715498	Cells are not allowed to shift between pools : T/F	False -cells shift between pools as needed	8
6389782864	Leukocyte response to disease for certain animals:	Dog: Dramatic elevation (3-5x) Cat: Less dramatic Horse: moderate response Cow: Less responsive than horse	9
6389790622	Leukocytosis	Increased WBC	10
6389792647	Leukopenia	Decreased WBC	11
6389796134	Leukocytes are divided into _____________ & ______________.	Granulocytes & Agranulocytes	12
6389799687	Granulocytes	Cells whose cytoplasm contain granules "Phil eats Grains"	13
6389804835	Examples of Granulocytes:	Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils	14
6389806679	Agranulocytes	Cells whose cytoplasm does not contain granules "No grains in Sight (cyte)"	15
6389814771	Examples of Agranulocytes	Lymphocytes Monocytes	16
6389822853	Leukocytes Stages		17
6389827126	Neutrophils	Mature in 3-6 days Segmented neutrophils released from bone marrow Replaced 2x daily in the dog (short life span)	18
6389849582	What is the most numerous Leukocyte in the dog, cat, and horse?	Neutrophil	19
6389852569	What is the function of Neutrophils?	Phagocytosis	20
6389916989	Neutrophils are often destroyed while engulfing and digesting the bacteria : T/F	True -PUS : Purulent discharge	21
6389969900	How long do neutrophils remain in circulation before entering tissue?	10 hours	22
6389980569	Another term for immature neutrophils	Band neutrophils	23
6390016749	Neutrophils will be increased in acute bacterial infections but may decrease in viral infections : T/F	True	24
6390037546	Avians, reptiles, some fish, some mammals have ______________.	Heterophils	25
6390039732	Canine neutrophil		26
6390041654	Feline neutrophil		27
6390059019	Equine Neutrophil		28
6390071155	Bovine Neutrophil		29
6390073516	Eosinophils	Production similar to neutrophils Maturation time = 1 week Only stays in circulation for few hours	30
6390089588	Increased number of Eosinophils may be due to ....	Immune response to parasites or Allergic reaction	31
6390095279	Canine Eosinophil		32
6390100331	Feline Eosinophils		33
6390109488	What are basophils similar to?	Mast Cells -Granules contain Heparin & histamine, like mast cells	34
6390115989	How are basophils & mast cells different?	Basophils are in circulation Mast cells reside in tissue	35
6390123880	Basophil cytoplasm	Contains large blue-black granules that often obscure the nucleus	36
6390157650	What is the largest of the leukocytes?	Monocytes (Macrophages)	37
6390160504	Where are monocytes produced?	Bone marrow	38
6390166282	Monocytes are pleomorphic (various shapes), but not segmented : T/F	True	39
6390169069	Monocytes are mature when released into circulation : T/F	False -monocytes are not mature	40
6390174348	Once Monocytes enter tissues they are now called ____________	Macrophages	41
6392342729	What are the functions of Monocytes	Defense & removal of damaged cells -phagocytosis -handles more difficult pathogens	42
6392360615	Where are large numbers of macrophages located?	Liver, Spleen, & Lymph nodes	43
6392368820	Macrophages are _____to arrive at sire of infection than neutrophils, but persist ______ longer in tissue	Slower & Longer	44
6392372326	__________ are usually elevated in cases of chronic diseases	Monocytes	45
6392373462	Monocyte		46
6392374972	Lymphocytes	Make up "specific immune system" Respond specifically to antigens Kills infected cells & produce antibodies against pathogens	47
6392393803	Most numerous leukocytes are in ____________.	Ruminants	48
6392398599	Three general types of lymphocytes	1. T-cells 2. B-cells 3. Natural killer cells	49
6392406399	Where are Tcells found?	Thymus	50
6392406932	Where are Bcells found?	Bone marrow	51
6392407534	Where are natural killer cells found?	Bone marrow & thymus	52
6392409636	Lymphopoiesis		53
6392414234	What is the only leukocyte with NO phagocytic function?	Lymphocyte	54
6392425536	What is the only leukocyte that re-enters circulation after entering tissue?	Lymphocytes	55
6392445207	Were lymphocytes begin development?	Bone marrow	56
6392470557	How are mature B-cells & T-cells activated?	By a cell carrying the antigen that binds to the specific antigen receptor on the lymphocyte surface	57
6392478362	Memory cells	Lymphocytes that quickly recognize the antigen the next time the animal is exposed	58
6392486888	NK Cells	Do not have specific antigen receptors Kills cells that are infected with virus or neoplastic cells	59
6392505232	Increased numbers of lymphocytes often indicates a _______ infection or a ______ infection	Bacterial or Viral	60
6392519348	lymphocytes are often mistaken for ____ _____ ____.	Red blood Cells	61
6392523516	that is the Humoral Response centered on?	B-Lymphocytes	62
6392542427	What are antibodies?	Large protein molecules in shape of a Y	63
6392544646	What is Cell Mediated Immune Response centered on?	T-Lymphocytes	64
6392545693	T- Lymphocytes subsets	1. Helper Cells 2. Suppressor Cells 3. Null Cells (NK)	65
6392552979	T- Lymphocytes are activated by the presence of __________.	Antigens	66
6392560480	What does Cell Mediated Immune Response require?	Requires that the macrophage "presents" the antigen to the T-cell	67
6392568952	Cell Mediated = __ Lymphocytes Humoral = __ Lymphocytes	T & B	68