AP Literature Vocab V (Syntax) Flashcards

6678400954	polysyndeton	using several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted (as in 'he ran and jumped and laughed for joy')	0
6678400955	asyndeton	When the conjunctions (such as "and" or "but") that would normally connect a string of words, phrases, or clauses are omitted from a sentence	1
6678400956	periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety.	2
6678400957	cumulative (loose) sentence	begins with an independent clause and finishes with modifying constructions	3
6678400958	anaphora	the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of consecutive lines or sentences	4
6678400959	balanced sentence	a sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast (George Orwell: "If thought corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought.")	5
6678400960	parallel sentence (parallelism)	Two or more words or constructions must be in the same grammatical form - infinitives, verbs, gerunds, participles, perpositional phrases, clauses, etc. This style is impressive and pleasing to hear, elaborates rhythm and order, and shows economy by using one element of a sentence to server three or four others. For example: To complain of the age we live in, to murmur at the present possessors of power, to lament the past, to conceive extravagant hopes of the future, are the common dispositions of the greatest part of mankind.	6
6678400961	clause	a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb	7
6678400962	phrase	an expression forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence but not containing a finite verb	8
6678400963	inverted syntax	a sentence constructed so that the predicate comes before the subject (ex: In the woods I am walking.)	9
6678400964	juxtaposition	placing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast	10
6678400965	antithesis	The juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance	11
6678400966	sentence variety	using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect	12
6678400967	simple sentence	a sentence having no coordinate clauses or subordinate clauses	13
6678400968	compound sentence	a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions	14
6678400969	complex sentence	a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause	15
6678400970	compound-complex sentence	at least one dependent clause and two or more independent clauses	16
6678400971	appositive	a noun or noun phrase that renames the noun it follows: Mrs. R, my teacher, ...	17
6678400972	rhetorical question	A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	18