Chromosomes Flashcards
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| 5900137005 | chromosome | composed of a single, tightly coiled DNA molecule wrapped around a protein called a histone | 0 | |
| 5900137006 | chromatin | Decondenced form of Chromosomes. It can't be seen when cells aren't dividing and are called this | 1 | |
| 5900137007 | histones | DNA is tightly coiled around these proteins | 2 | |
| 5900137008 | gene | a short section of a strand of DNA that tells the body how to build a specific proteins. | 3 | |
| 5900137009 | allele | alternate forms of a gene | 4 | |
| 5900137010 | chromatids | Duplicated chromosomes | 5 | |
| 5900137011 | centromere | sister chromatids are held together here | 6 | |
| 5900137012 | 23 pairs | the number of chromosomes in every human cell | 7 | |
| 5900137013 | autosomes | the first 22 pairs of chromosomes in a human | 8 | |
| 5900137014 | sex chromosomes | the 23 pair of chromosomes in a human. It determines the sex of the person | 9 | |
| 5900137015 | karyotype | a picture of the chromosomes from a human cell arranged in pairs by size |  | 10 |
| 5900137016 | homologous chromosomes | a pair of chromosomes that carry the same genes in the same order, but the alleles for each trait may not be the same. you get one from your mother and one from your father | 11 | |
| 5900137017 | diploid | ploidy of a cell that contains 2 sets of chromosomes. 2n | 12 | |
| 5900137018 | haploid | ploidy of a cell that contains 1 set of chromosomes. 1n | 13 | |
| 5900137019 | gametes | the haploid sperm cells and the haploid ova (egg). | 14 | |
| 5900137020 | somatic cells | diploid body cells. Ex: skin, nerves, muscle... | 15 | |
| 5900137021 | zygote | a diploid cell formed by the union of the haploid sperm cell and the haploid ovum (egg). | 16 |