Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 2 Flashcards

6986071660	Contamination	The introduction of dangerous chemicals, disease, or infectious material into an area or persons which has not been previously affected by said agent.	0
6986071661	Critical Incident Stress Management	A comprehensive system that includes education and resources to both prevent stress and to deal with stress appropriately.	1
6986071662	Decontamination	The removal or cleansing of dangerous chemicals and other dangerous or infectious materials.	2
6986071663	Hazardous Material Incident	The release of a harmful substance into the environment.	3
6986071664	Multiple-casualty incident.	An emergency involving multiple patients.	4
6986071665	Pathogens	The organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria.	5
6986071666	Personal Protective Equipment	Equipment that protects the EMS worker from infection and/or exposure to the dangers of rescue operations.	6
6986071667	Standard Precautions	A strict form of infection control that is based upon the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious.	7
6986071668	Stress	A state of physical and or psychological stimulus.	8
6986071669	Delayed Stress Reaction	Also known as PTSD, can be triggered by a specific event but psychological effects may not present until days, months, or even years later. Characterized by nightmares, feelings of detachment, irritability, sleep difficulties, or problems with concentration.	9
6986071670	Acute Stress Reaction	Often linked to catastrophes, such as large scale natural disasters. Reaction occurs rapidly and may develop simultaneously with the incident or within a very short time following the incident. Signs and symptoms may include chest pain, difficulty breathing, abnormal heart rhythms, uncontrollable crying, inappropriate behavior, and a disruption in normal, rational thinking.	10
6986071671	Cumulative Stress Reaction	This reaction, also known as, "burnout," results from sustained low-level stressors and develop over a period of years.	11
6986071672	Cumulative Stress Reaction Early Signs	Vague anxiety, progressing to boredom, apathy, and a feeling of emotional exhaustion.	12
6986071673	Cumulative Stress Reaction Progressing Signs	Physical complaints begin to appear. Headaches, stomach ailments, disturbances in sleep, loss of emotional control, irritability, withdrawal from others, and increasing depression. May also include substance abuse, loss of sexual drive, poor interpersonal relationships, and limited self control.	13
6986071674	Cumulative Stress Reaction Late Signs	May present as a physical illness, uncontrollable emotions, overwhelming physical and emotional fatigue, severe social withdrawal, paranoia, or suicidal thoughts.	14
6986071675	Significant Causes of Stress for EMTs'	Multiple-casualty incidents Calls involving infants and children Severe injuries Abuse and neglect (Elderly and Pediatrics) Death of a co-workers	15
6986071676	Helpful habbits that promote well being	maintaining solid personal relationships excersise sleep eat right limit alcohol and caffeine seeing your physician regularly keep up to date on vaccines	16
6986071677	OSHA	is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. ... assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance	17
6986071678	When should you wash your hands/Purify	whenever after dealing with a patient when moving from room to room	18
6986071679	HEPA Mask	N-95 mask/Duckface mask worn for protection against SARS and TB	19
6986071680	Diseases of concern	-Aids -Chicken pox -Influenzahepatitis A,B, and C -TB -Whooping cough -staph infection	20
6986071681	Hepatitis (A)	Infection of the liver, causes inflamation. A- caused by contact with food or water contaminated by stool - Not to bad -incubation:weeks to months	21
6986071682	Hep B	-Can live in dried flyids on a surface -No cure, but a vaccine is available to preve t infection	22
6986071683	Hep C	No Vaccine Found in blood Efgects many EMS	23
6986071684	Tuberculosis	-Infection of the lugs -Airborn transmission -HIGHLY Contagious -incubation:2-6 weeks	24
6986071685	HIV	Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Attacks Immune system kills WBC -Needs a Host	25
6986071686	Aids	Axuired immune deficiency syndrome	26
6986071687	Emerging Diseases of Concern	Ebola MERS SARS Avian Flue Influenza	27
6986071688	Ebola	First appeared in Africa in 1976 -2014 first time is US -Viral Disease -early signs: Fever chills weakness -late signs: Bruising, internal, external bleeding	28
6986071689	MERS	Middle Eastern Repiratory Syndrom -Severe repiratory illness	29
6986071690	SARS	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome -emerged in 2003 - almost 800 deaths	30
6986071691	Avian Flu	Found in poultry - same symptoms as flu, can lead to pneumonia and acute respiratory disttess syndrome	31
6986071692	Influenza	Pandemic in 1918 -1918: killed 30-50 mill people. -FLU	32
6986071693	Ryan White Care Act	Comprehensive aids resources emergency act -Enacted in 1990 -Named after a teen who contracted AIDS after a tainted hemophillia treatment in 1984 -Allows EMS providers the right to find out if they have been exposed to a life threatening disease - must be reffered to a health care provider	33
6986071694	Ryan white care act:two types of exposures and how they are dealt with	-Airborne disease exposure: will be notified by designated officer when exposed to airborn disease -Bloodborne or other infectious diseases exposure: submit a request, designated officer gathers info, takes it to medical.	34
6986071695	When are u required to wear a N-95 Mask?	Caring for patients suspected of having TB - transporting an individual from such a serting in a closed vehicle - Performing high-risk procedures such as endotracheal suctioning and intubation.	35
6986071696	TST	Turberculin skin test	36
6986071697	How long does a vaccine take to start working?	2 weeks	37
6986071698	3 stages of bodies response to stress	Alarm reaction Stage of resistance Exhaustion	38
6986071699	Alarm reaction	Stage one "FIGHT OR FLIGHT" Pupils dialate, adrenaline rush, blood pressure rises. -more cortisol is produced, critical in your bodys ability to adapt and cope with stress	39
6986071700	Stage of resistance	Coping stage Body is reverting back to normal	40
6986071701	Exhaustion stage	Enlargement (hypotrophy) of adrenal glands All adrenalin has been dumped Patient may become iLL	41
6986071702	2 types of stress	Eustress Distress	42
6986071703	Eustress	Positive form of stress. Helps people work under pressure, sharpens skills. Playing Halo on Legendary	43
6986071704	Distress	Negative stress Can happen when the stress of a scene becomes overwhelming. -can cause immediate and long term problems with health and well being	44
6986071705	Ways to deal with stress	Lifstyle changes -Develop more healthy and positive dietary habbits -excercise -Devote time to relaxi g	45
6986071706	Emotional stages of dying	DABDA -Denial "not me" -Anger "why me?" -Barganing "ok, but first let me" -Depression "ok but i havent" -Acceptance: ok im not affraid	46
6986071707	Approaches in dealing with a patient and famiky member confronted by death or dying	-Recognize the patients needs. Talk to patient directly, dont talk to family about patient while he is in the room, as if they are incompetebt or no longer living. Make them feel in control still -Be tolerant of Angry reactions from patient or family members -Listen empathetically -Do not falsely reassure - Offer as much comfort as you realistically can (ill do everything i can) -	47
6986071708	Rescue operations	Do not enter if unsafe Before helping request assistance, then treat	48
6986071709	How to respond to danger or violence	-Plan: safe clothing, have a radio, decide safety rules -Observe: dont **** with crime scenes, weapons, bystandards -React: RETREAT, RADIO, REEVALUATE.	49