Emergency Care -- 13th Edition -- Chapter 11 Flashcards

4815189580	Mechanism of injury (MOI)	a force or forces that may have caused injury	0
4815189581	What are the three collisions in a motor-vehicle crash?	1. vehicle collision -- vehicle strikes an object 2. body collision -- person's body strikes the inside of the vehicle 3. organ collision -- person's organs strike interior surfaces of the body	1
4815189582	Two types of injury patterns in a head-on collisions	1. up and over -- body goes up/over the steering wheel 2. down and under -- body goes down/under the steering wheel	2
4815189583	In an injury caused by a fall, what 4 factors should be considered?	1. Height from which the patient fell 2. Surface the patient fell onto 3. Part of the patient that hit the surface 4. Anything that interrupts the fall	3
4815189584	What is considered a severe fall for adults?	a fall of greater than 20 feet	4
4815189585	What is considered a severe fall for children under 15?	a fall of greater than 10 feet or more than 2-3 times the child's height	5
4815189586	Nature of illness (NOI)	what is medically wrong with a patient	6
4815189587	What determines the the size of the danger zone?	the nature and severity of collision-produced hazards	7
4815189588	penetrating trauma	injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissues	8
4815189589	blunt-force trauma	injury caused by a blow that does not penetrate the skin or other body tissues	9
4815189590	scene size-up	steps taking when approaching the scene of an emergency call	10
4815189591	When does scene size-up begin?	as you approach the scene	11
4815189592	What are the 6 components of scene size-up?	1. checking scene safety 2. taking Standard Precautions 3. noting the mechanism of injury (MOI) 4. noting the nature of the illness (NOI) 5. determine the # of patients 6. call for additional resources if needed	12
4815189593	What is a danger zone?	the area around the wreckage of a vehicle collision or other incident within which special safety precautions should be taken. The size of the zone depends on the nature and severity of the	13
4815189594	What is the danger zone with no apparent hazards?	50 feet in all directions	14
4815189595	What should never be parked in the danger zone?	the ambulance	15
4815189596	What is the danger zone with a vehicle on fire?	at least 100 feet in all directions	16
4815189597	What is the danger zone when fuel has been spilled?	minimum of 100 feet in all directions. If possible, park upwind and uphill.	17
4815189598	What is the danger zone when hazardous material is involved?	check the ERG	18
4815189599	When should EMT's enter a violent situation to provide care?	NEVER	19
4815189600	In signs of danger at a scene, what 3 guidelines should you follow?	1. retreat to a position of safety 2. call for help 3. return only after police have secured the scene	20
4815189601	As you approach a scene, what are 5 observations that could indicate violence?	1. fighting or loud voices 2. weapons visible or in use 3. signs of alcohol or drugs 4. unusual silence 5. knowledge of prior violence	21
4815189602	What are typical items of PPE?	1. gloves 2. eyewear 3. mask 4. HEPA respirator 5. gown	22
4815189603	What are the 5 types of vehicle collisions?	1. Head-on 2. Rear-end 3. Side-impact 4. Rollover 5. Rotational (spinning)	23
4815189604	What injuries are common in rear-end collisions?	neck and head	24
4815189605	What is the law of inertia?	a body in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside force / a body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force	25
4815189606	What type of vehicle collision can be the most serious?	Rotational -- being struck first then spinning and striking another vehicle or tree	26
4815189607	Penetrating trauma	injury caused by an object that passes through the sin or other body tissues	27
4815189608	What is low-velocity penetrating trauma?	items that are propelled by hand such as knives	28
4815189609	What is medium-velocity penetrating trauma?	wounds caused by handguns, shotguns, arrows	29
4815189610	What are high-velocity trauma?	bullets propelled by a high powered or assault rifle	30
4815189611	What are the two ways bullets can cause damage?	1. Directly from the projectile 2. pressure-related (cavitation) -- creates a pressure wave	31
4815189612	Blunt-force trauma	injury caused by a blow that not penetrate the skin or other body tissues	32
4815189613	Index of suspicion	awareness that there may be injuries	33
4815189614	When should you ask for additional resources	Anytime the situation calls for more assistance to prevent further injury -- lift assist, violence, downed wires, multiple passengers, smoke, suspicious odors	34