AP Language Vocabulary: The Language of Argument Flashcards

4281192730	Assertion	-a positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason; a simple and straightforward statement for expressing feelings, opinions and beliefs Function: Expresses beliefs plainly and easily for the reader to understand. Ex: "Excuse me, first I want to finish my work then shall go with you."	0
4281192731	Claim	-to maintain as a fact/truth Function: to show the author's point of view about a subject. Ex: The great thing about "Animal Farm" by George Orwell is that it has presented all animals equal in the eyes of the laws framed by them.	1
4281192732	Implicit	-implied, rather than expressly stated Function: Gives more figurative language to writing and allows the reader to think about what they are processing. Ex: The assignment was a breeze.	2
4281194502	Explicit	-fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied Function: to keep the reader on track with what is happening in writing. Leaves no questioning. Ex: Lori didn't deserve to see her daughter again, and he was explicit about the fact that he didn't want her around Destiny in the future.	3
4281194503	Contention	-a striving in rivalry; competition; contest Function: to bring attention to an erroneous/wrong argument Ex: Sometimes her old fashioned moral standards were a point of contention, but her integrity was never under question.	4
4281196020	Implication	-something implied or suggested as naturally to be inferred or understood Function: (similar to explicit) having the point made to be obvious Ex: The implication was as obvious as it was annoying.	5
4281196021	Validity	-legal soundness or force. Valid Function: to present evidence supporting a claim Ex: Dean laughed at first at his wife's suggestion, but the more he thought about it, the more the idea had a ring of validity to it.	6
4281196022	Refutation	-disproof; to prove as false Function: to prove something as wrong Ex: The footage refuted the department's description of the killing, suggesting a cover-up.	7
4281197916	Induction	-the act of inducing, bringing about, or causing Function: to bring about a conclusion using your evidence as support Ex: "I counted five or six people with green eyes; therefore all the people have green eyes."	8
4281197917	Deduction	-the act or process of deducting; subtraction Function: to bring about a conclusion from small and non-valid evidence Ex: Since all humans are mortal, and I am a human, then I am mortal.	9
4281197918	Fallacy	-a deceptive, misleading, or false notion, belief, etc Function: to persuade your audience to follow your beliefs in a sly manner Ex: "Well, Isaac Newton trusted in Alchemy, do you suppose you know more than Isaac Newton?"	10
4281200085	Warrant	-authorization, sanction, or justification Function: to give proof/your word that something will be done concerning a subject. Ex: to guarantee the freshness of flowers in a delivery.	11