AP Language Final Review Flashcards

6701954942	alliteration	repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of successive words	0
6701954943	antithesis	rhetorical contrast of ideas by parallel arrangements of words, clauses or sentences	1
6701954944	satire	a composition ridiculing human vice or folly	2
6701954945	rhetorical question	does not require an answer-actually asserts or denies something obliquely	3
6701954946	hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration for effect	4
6701954947	paradox	apparently contradictory statement that nevertheless contains a measure of truth	5
6701954948	repetition	using same word or phrase over and over; provides emphasis	6
6701954949	oxymoron	placing two ordinarily opposing terms adjacent to one another	7
6701954950	clause	group of words that contains a subject and a predicate	8
6701954951	loose sentence	expresses the main thought near the beginning and adds explanatory material as needed	9
6701954952	periodic sentence	one that postpones the crucial or most surprising idea until the end (not complete until the period)	10
6701954953	simple sentence	one independent clause, no dependent clauses	11
6701954954	compound sentence	two independent clauses, joined by coordinating conjunction, punctuation or both	12
6701954955	complex sentence	contains one independent and one or more dependent clauses	13
6701954956	compound-complex sentence	contains two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses	14
6701954957	syntax	the order and relationship of words in a sentence	15
6701954958	begging the question	conclusion similar to the premise; circular reasoning	16
6701954959	equivocating	using vague or ambiguous language to mislead	17
6701954960	anecdote	a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident	18
6701954961	ad hominem fallacy	making personal attacks instead of sticking to the argument	19
6701954962	allusion	A reference, explicit or implicit, to something in previous literature or history.	20
6701954963	parallelism	keeping ideas of equal importance in similar grammatical form	21
6701954964	analogy	an extended comparison between two things/instances/people etc. that share some similarity to make a point	22
6701954965	asyndeton	conjunctions are omitted, producing a fast-paced and rapid prose	23
6701954966	connotation	The set of associations implied by a word in addition to its literal meaning	24
6701954967	denotation	the literal meaning of a word, the dictionary meaning. Opposite of connotation	25
6701954968	ellipsis	the omission of one or more words that are obviously understood but that must be supplied to make a construction grammatically complete	26
6701954969	metonymy	a figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing for that of another of which it is an attribute or with which it is associated	27
6701954970	parenthetical expression	an expression that is inserted into the flow of thought	28
6701954971	point of view	literary term for the perspective from which a story is told (first, third, omniscient, limited)	29
6701954972	polysyndeton	the use of many conjunctions; has the effect of slowing the pace or emphasizing the numerous words or clauses.	30
6701954973	inductive reasoning	drawing a probable conclusion based on evidence	31
6701954974	deductive reasoning	begins with a basic truth and proceeds from there-starts with conclusion	32
6701954975	rhetoric	finding an available, effective way to persuade	33
6701954976	figure of speech	colorful language not meant to be taken literally	34
6701954977	logos	based on reason	35
6701954978	pathos	appeal to emotions	36
6701954979	ethos	based on the speaker's character	37
6701954980	tone	the author's attitude toward his or her subject	38
6701954981	Toulmin model of argumentation	emphasizes that logic is concerned with probability more than certainty	39
6701954982	syllogism	three part argment in which the conclusion rests on two premises	40
6701954983	false dilemma	gives a choice between two alternatives; overlooks others and implies that no others exist	41
6701954984	non sequitur	conclusion that does not follow logically from the explanation given for it	42
6701954985	sliding down a slippery slope	one step inevitably leads to an undesirable end	43
6701954986	opposing a straw man	not arguing against opponent's real argument-commonly arguing against an extreme view	44
6701954987	jumping to conclusions	conclusion not supported by adequate evidence	45
6701954988	concession	showing an audience that you anticipate potential opposition by recognizing "their" side and answering it	46
6701954989	guilt by association	negative association by innuendo	47
6701954990	ignoring the question	"I'm glad you asked that question"..begins to talk of something else	48
6701954991	attributing false causes	assuming that something is merely the result of something that came before it; post hoc fallacy	49
6701954992	false analogy	fallacious if the two things being compared aren't really similar	50
6701954993	purpose	a writer's reason for trying to convey a particular idea about a particular subject to a particular audience	51
6701954994	thesis	the central idea in a work of writing to which everything else in the work refers; forecasts the scope of a piece of writing	52
6701954995	paraphrase	putting another writer's thoughts into your own words	53
6701954996	anaphora	the repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses	54
6701954997	appeal to pity	This type of fallacy uses the audiences's sympathy, concern, or guilt in order to overwhelm their sense of logic	55
6701954998	appeal to tradition	It must be correct because it has always been done this way	56
6701954999	appeal to prejudice	using popular prejudices or passions to convince others of the correctness of one's position	57
6701955000	epistrophe	the repetition of a group of words at the end of successive clauses	58
6701955001	inference	logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience	59
6701955002	synthesize	to link elements into a whole	60
6701955003	plagiarism	the use of someone else's ideas or words as if they were your own, without acknowledging the original author	61
6701955004	narrative	consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story	62
6701955005	in media res	a piece of writing that begins in the middle of the action	63
6701955006	chronological order	(Time Order) Events are arranged in the order in which they happened	64
6701955007	objective	without bias	65
6701955008	subjective	having to do with personal things, not limited by fairness or issues of bias	66
6701955009	synechdoche	when a part is used to signify a whole, "all hands on deck"	67
6701955010	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	68
6701955011	analyze	separate a subject into its parts	69
6701955012	tone	the author's attitude toward the subject (indicated by diction)	70
6701955013	audience	a writer's readers; helps the writer choose strategies, style and genre	71
6701955014	inference	to draw a conclusion based on your store of experience-way to understand a writer's meaning	72
6701955015	synthesize	to link elements into a whole	73
6701955016	unity	the quality of good writing in which all parts relate to the thesis or main idea	74
6701955017	plagiarism	the use of someone else's ideas or words as if they were your own, without acknowledging the original author	75
6701955018	coherence	the clear connection of the parts in an effective piece of writing	76
6701955019	logical fallacy	a flaw in reasoning	77
6701955020	persona	the character that an author wants the audience to perceive himself/herself as	78
6701955021	anastrophe	normal word order is reversed or rearranged	79
6701955022	apostrophe	when an absent person, an abstract concept, or an important object is directly addressed	80
6701955023	chiasmus	repetition of ideas in inverted order-"Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you"	81
6701955024	diction	a writer's choice of words-indicates tone	82
6701955025	irony	a manner of speaking or writing that does not directly state a discrepancy, but implies one- ie verbal irony "What a mansion" (said of a shack)	83
6701955026	understatement (litotes)	deliberate understatement-creates an ironic or humorous effect: "I accepted the ride. At the moment, I didn't feel like walking across the Mojave Desert:	84