AP World History: The Mongols Flashcards

3170027893	rainfall	lack of what caused inability to create an agriculture-based society in the central Asian steppes	0
3170032265	animal herding	due to inability to farm, central Asian peoples turned to what	1
3170033670	yurts	what kind of homes did the nomadic peoples of central Asia live in	2
3170039028	trade	what linked nomads and settled peoples	3
3170040287	caravans	many times, nomads travelled in ____ during long distance trade commutes	4
3170044129	self-sufficiency	nomads disliked reliance on trade due to their natural desire for _____-_____	5
3170047351	war	what was the result of severed trade relationships between nomads and settled people	6
3170049268	clan-based	nomads lived in ___-___ society	7
3170051110	fluid	in a word, the flow into and out of a noble rank in nomad society was ____	8
3170054497	advance	meritorious commoners were able to _____ in society	9
3170056382	shamens	who held the central position in religious leadership in nomad societies	10
3170059838	pagan	what kind of religion did central asian nomads hold	11
3170061179	Turkish	what kind of writing developed with the need to record religious teachings	12
3170064883	Islam	to what religion did many central asian nomads convert to due to Abbasid influence	13
3170068076	khan	who was at the head of military organization in nomad societies	14
3170069444	mobility and speed	what two qualities of nomadic military made them formidable	15
3170073157	figure heads	abbasid caliphes, during the rule of the sultan, became simply...	16
3170077932	Byzantine	the Saljuq conquer of what empire led to large-scale conversion to Islam	17
3170081040	Ottoman Turks	who captured Constantinople in 1453	18
3170082858	welcoming	what was the reaction of peasants to invasion of the Byzantine empire by the Turks	19
3170087840	Turks	invasion of what group into India led to persecution of Buddhists and Hindus	20
3170092351	Great Khan of Mongolia	recognition of what leader caused unity of differing Mongol realms	21
3170104519	Genghis Khan	means "Universal Leader"	22
3170106270	revenge	what was the main motivation of Genghis Khan	23
3170112719	inner-tribal conflict	rulership of Genghis Khan eliminated what within tribes	24
3170114443	merit	political power during the rule of Genghis Khan was achieved through what?	25
3170116606	Karakorum	non-nomadic capital of the Mongols, establish by Genghis Khan	26
3170121486	horsemanship and bowmanship	what two specialties increased the Mongols military might?	27
3170132540	trade routes	conquest of the Mongols opened and unified ___ ____	28
3170142126	long-distance trade	Mongol reestablishment and improvement of what helped in the transfer of military and scientific knowledge across Eurasia and the Middle East	29
3170148653	spread of the bubonic plague	the most major impact of the Mongol's trade was	30
3170156322	grandson	Khubilai Khan was the _____ of Genghis Khan	31
3170157825	Marco Polo	Khubilai Khan is famous for hosting who?	32
3170160596	Yuan	what dynasty was established under the reign of Khubilai Khan	33
3170164309	typhoons	what prevented expansion of the Yuan dynasty/Mongols into Japan	34
3170169969	The Golden Horde	conquest and capture of Russia by the Mongols is known as	35
3170175370	Islam	what was the religion of Batu, Genghis Khan's grandson	36
3170186863	tax revenue	the goal of the II-khan state was to collect what?	37
3170190092	tax farming	what system was employed by the II-khan state to collect taxes?	38
3170194274	over-taxation	______-_____ led to increases in the price of grain and shrinking tax base, SEVERE ECONOMIC CRISIS	39
3170200416	tax	what was the main reason for capturing Russia?	40
3170201989	from afar	historians describe Mongol rule of Russia as "____ ____"	41
3170204746	caravan route	significant about Volga was it's location at the end of a major...?	42
3170210025	Orthodox church	the Mongols allowed for what major establishment of Kievian Russia to maintain it's place	43
3170216701	assistance in Russian conquest	the Mongols were on good terms with Novgorod and Moscow after Prince Alexander gave them	44
3170222918	Ukrainian countryside	destruction of what led to a shift in population of Russia from Kiev to Novgorod	45
3170225045	Moscow	as a result of Mongol conquest of Ukrainian land, what city became the center of Russian civilization	46
3170230072	economic depression, cultural isolation	negatives of Mongol rule in Russia were?	47
3170233564	Russia princes	some historians believe that overtaxation in Russia was not due to Mongol rule, but rather due to greed of who?	48
3170239168	Ivan III	who was the first Russian tsar	49
3170240307	Prince of Moscow	what title did Ivan III hold before his establishment as the tsar	50
3170243262	the Mongols	Ivan III ended the rule of who in Russia?	51
3170248610	Timur	known as the last Central Asian conqueror	52
3170256019	Hulegu	who toppled the Abbasid empire?	53
3170258489	nomadic rulers	the power vacuum caused by the end of Abbasid rule caused power to fall into the hands of who?	54
3170262967	inexperience	nomadic rulers of former Abbasid land lost power due to their	55
3170268351	Persian Mongols	factional fighting, overspending, poor tax returns, and overburdened peasantry led to the downfall of the	56
3170273440	paper money	what form of currency did Ilkhan attempt but fail to establish to replace precious metals?	57
3170280234	segregated	interactions between conquered Chinese and ruling Mongols were strictly _____	58
3170290430	imported administrators	rather than allowing Chinese to govern, the Mongols...	59
3170292870	religious freedom	though restricting most areas of Chinese life, the Mongols permitted ______ ____	60
3170294818	Lamaist Buddhism	what magical and shamanistic religion was adopted by the Mongols of China	61
3170303781	Mandarin	what dialect of the Chinese language developed during Mongol rule?	62
3170305999	cotton	various methods of using _____ were introduced to China from Hainan Island	63
3170311531	overtaxation	mistreatment of Chinese famers is mainly seen through	64
3170315521	population decline	flooding of the Yellow River, war, migration, and spread of the plague caused what in Northern China	65
3170321495	scholars and texts	in the field of science, what was imported to II-khans	66
3170324852	Zhu Yuanzhang	what Chinese leader overthrew Mongol rule	67
3170329914	Ming	what dynasty was established by Zhu Yuanzhang	68
3170331931	trade	what aspect of life in the Ming dynasty was damaged by the Mongols	69
3170338552	spending of bullion	what led to the massive economic decline of the Yuan dynasty of China	70
3170341950	prices rise	what came as a result of the Yuan loss of confidence in paper money after the bullion was spent	71
3170345040	peasant rebellion	what finally ended the rule of the Yuan dynasty	72
3170352321	the Lame	Turkish conqueror Timur was known as	73
3170355901	Samarkand	Timur established the capital of?	74
3170358895	division into four	power struggles within Timur's empire led to	75
3170364549	Osman	who was the most famed leader of the Ottoman empire	76
3170365819	Ottomans	followers of Osman were known as	77
3170369162	local support	Ottoman conquest of Byzantine empire earned _____ _____ from angry peasant workers	78
3170372364	Istanbul	capital of the Ottoman empire, formerly known as Constantinople	79
3170378185	Beijing	capital of the Ming empire	80
3170379692	Confucian	what ideology was heavily pushed by the Ming dynasty	81
3170393277	trade with middle east	Ming sent expeditions to Southeast Asia in attempts to reestablish	82
3170403496	50	how many countries were added the Chinese tributary list due to Zheng He's journey to Southeast Asia	83
3170408247	Zheng He	what general was responsible for expeditions to Southeast Asia during the rule of the Ming	84
3170411653	trade	Zheng He's journey did not increase prosperity in _____	85
3170422533	bronze and steel	during the rule of the Ming, Chinese lost the ability to make high-quality what?	86
3170601431	marriage	Mongols were finally intergrated into Korea when the king of Koryo joined his family to the Mongols through what?	87
3170605841	trade	how did Korea profit from interactions with the Yuan	88
3170609555	Yuan	Koryo fell after the collapse of what dynasty?	89
3170612029	Yi	What dynasty replaced the Yuan	90
3170616428	local identity, Confucian scholarship	what two things did the Yi reestablish after taking power	91
3170619231	Mongol	the Yi maintained ____ administrative practices	92
3170623389	moveable type	most famous innovation of Yi Korea	93
3170626760	mounted cannons	important to naval Korean military was the development of what on patrol ships?	94
3170630584	Yi	armored ships and gunpowder arrow launchers were military technologies of what group?	95
3170635667	unsuccessful	the first attempt at Mongol invasion of Japan in 1274 was _____	96
3170638645	unity	increased ____ in Japan occurred as a result of the failed Mongol conquest	97
3170641851	Shogun	who centralized planning for a second Mongol assault on Japan	98
3170644986	a typhoon	what prevented a successful second Mongol raid of Japan	99
3170657259	civil war	what led to the fall of the Kamakura Shogunate in Japan	100
3170666219	Ashikaga	what Shogunate replaced the Kamakura?	101
3170965906	Ivan III	who created the first centralized Russian state?	102