AP Language and Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

7090648245	Alliteration	The repition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables	0
7090648246	allusion	An indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event	1
7090648247	Analogy	an extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things	2
7090648248	Anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	3
7090648249	Anecdote	A short account of an interesting event	4
7090648250	Annotation	Explanatory or critical notes added to a text	5
7090648251	Antecedent	A noun to which a later pronoun refers	6
7090648252	Antimetabole	The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast.	7
7090648253	Antithesis	Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas	8
7090648254	Aphorism	A short, astute statement of a general truth.	9
7090648255	Appositive	A word or phrase that renames a nervy noun or pronoun	10
7090648256	Archaic dictation	The use of words common to an earlier period of time; antiquated language	11
7090648257	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence	12
7090648258	Aristotelian triangle	A diagram the represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience	13
7090648259	Assertion	an emphatic statement; declaration. When supported by evidence it becomes an argument	14
7090648260	Assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof	15
7090648261	Asyndeton	Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses.	16
7090648262	Attitude	The speakers position on a subject as revealed through this or her tone	17
7090648263	Audience	Ones listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed	18
7090648264	Authority	A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge	19
7090648265	Bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.	20
7090648266	Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.	21
7090648267	Claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence	22
7090648268	Close reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sent nice structure, vocabulary, and other literacy and structural elements of a text	23
7090648269	Colloquialism	An informal or conversational use of language.	24
7090648270	Common ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions.	25
7090648271	Complex sentence	A sentence that includes on independent clause and at least one dependent clause	26
7090648272	Concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.	27
7090648273	Connotation	That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the words literal meaning	28
7090648274	Context	Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.	29
7090648275	Coordination	Grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but	30
7090648276	Counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument.	31
7090648277	Cumulative sentence	An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail	32
7090648278	Declarative sentence	A sentence that makes a statement.	33
7090648279	Deduction	Reasoning from general to specific	34
7090648280	Denotation	The literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition	35
7090648281	Diction	word choice	36
7090648282	Documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.	37
7090648283	Elegiac	Mournful over what has been passed or been lost; often used to describe tone	38
7090648284	Epigram	A brief witty statement	39
7090648285	Ethos	The Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals	40
7090648286	Figurative language	The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literacy effect	41
7090648287	figure of speech	An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning.	42
7090648288	Hyperbole	Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis	43
7090648289	Imagery	Vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing).	44
7090648290	imperative sentence	A sentence that requests or commands.	45
7090648291	Induction	Reasoning from specific to general. Inversion: a sent nice in which the verb precedes the subject	46
7090648292	Irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result	47
7090648293	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things side by side for emphasis	48
7090654638	Logos	A greek term that means "word"; and appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's rhetorical appeals	49
7090656338	Metaphor	A figure of speech or trobe through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison	50
7090660847	Metonymy	Use of an aspect of something to represent a whole	51
7090662493	Occasion	An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing	52
7090663214	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines two or more contradictory terms	53
7090664182	Paradox	A statement that seems contradictor but is actually true	54
7090666459	Parallelism	The repition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns	55
7090671483	Parody	A piece that imitates and exxaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule	56
7090674381	Pathos	A greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals	57
7090676988	Persona	The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing	58
7090678827	Personification	Assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects	59
7090680103	Polemic	An argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion	60
7090681600	Polysyndeton	The deliberate use of a series of conjunctions	61
7090682890	Premise	major, minor-Two parts of a syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subjects from the minor premise.	62
7090686356	Major premise (example)	All mammals are warm-blooded	63
7090687304	Minor premise (example)	All horses are mammals	64
7090688074	Conclusion (example)	All horses are warm-blooded	65
7090690081	Propaganda	A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information	66
7090691688	Purpose	one's intention or objection in a speech pr piece of writing	67
7090692921	Refute	To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument	68
7090694017	Rhetoric	The study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion"	69
7090699622	Rhertoric modes	Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison, contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation	70
7090707184	Rhetorical question	A question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer	71
7090710607	Rhetorical triangle	A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience	72
7090714359	Satire	An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it	73
7090716800	Scheme	A patterns of words or sentence constuction used for rhetorical effect	74
7090719276	Sentence patterns	The arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into know sentence constructions, such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex	75
7090723642	Sentence variety	Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect	76
7090724449	Simile	A figure of speech tht uses "like" or "as" to compare two things	77
7090727013	Simples sentence	A statement containg a subjact and a predicate; an independent clause	78
7090728206	Source	A book, article person, or other resource consulted for information	79
7090729161	Speaker	A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing	80
7090731202	Straw man	A logical fallancy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position	81
7090735030	Style	The distictive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words an figures of speech	82
7090737113	Subject	In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a pice of writing	83
7090739423	Subordinate clause	Created by subbordination conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause	84
7090741095	Subordination	The dependent of one syntactical element on another in a sentence	85
7090741934	Syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a maor premise	86