ap language study guide Flashcards

3539519100	Paradigm	a structural framework on which you view the world	0
3539534404	4 parts of a rhetorical situation	persona, audience, purpose, strategies	1
3539551126	ethos	credibility	2
3539554009	pathos	emotions	3
3539554010	logos	uses logic and reasonings	4
3539568388	types of argument	definition, causation, ethics, evaluation, proposal	5
3539585968	types of support	statistics, facts, authority, quick examples, narrative examples	6
3539596990	types of appeals	logos, ethos, pathos	7
3539610250	claim	controversial and debatable statement	8
3539620584	qualifiers	limit your claim to a more reasonable level	9
3539630289	counterclaim	a claim that is the opposite of your claim	10
3539636540	rebuttals	the way you deal with the opponent's claim	11
3539653827	three strategies for counterclaims	concession, refutation, demonstration of irrelevance	12
3539665607	antanagoge	the placing of an unavoidable negative next to a positive one	13
3539677577	refutation	bring up the opponent's argument to show the flaws in the argument	14
3539693209	procatalepsis	raising objections up to your own argument that you want to address	15
3539723167	irrelevance	showing that your opponent's argument does not apply to the point you are making	16
3539738554	warrants	reasonings	17
3539750442	six types of warrants	Generality, analogy, sign, causation, authority, principle	18
3539776791	Backing	support for your reasonings	19
3539786772	anecdotal evidence	using one person's story as a support for a claim	20
3539818439	authority	know your audience	21
3541416196	Premise	a declarative statement that is used to support or prove a point of an argument	22
3541426307	deductive reasoning	starts with a principle, must move top to bottom of the ladder	23
3541458208	inductive reasoning	probably true, specific--> to general	24
3541463692	syllogism	another word for major premises, minor premises, and conclusion	25
3541481523	causal	one incident(x) leads directly to another incident(y)	26
3541487290	correlation	third element is the cause of the other two	27
3541491076	analogy	extended simile	28
3541502175	polysyndeton	when an author places conjunctions between every element in a series	29
3541507740	Rhetorical question	a question asked in which the answer is assumed	30
3541514724	anadiplosis	takes the last word of a sentence or phrase and repeats it as the first word of the next sentence or phrase	31
3541528991	antithesis	is built by contrasting any of the different parts of a statement	32
3541538106	zeugma	a structure in which two elements of a sentence are linked by a governing third element in a suggestive way	33
3541559068	chiasmus	a special form of parallelism that flips the original form around	34
3541571148	irony	opposite of what you would expect	35
3541580569	romantic irony	when the audience or reader is deceived by the person telling the story	36
3541596436	situational irony	when what happens is not what was expected to happen	37
3541616815	verbal irony	when what is said is not what was meant (sarcasm)	38
3541619979	dramatic irony	when the audience has information that the people in the movie/story do not have	39
3541628074	structural irony	when the genre doesn't match the form	40
3541634351	synecdoche	replace one thing for another because it is a part of a whole	41
3541657463	metonymy	replace one thing with another through association	42
3541660850	diction	word choice	43
3541663212	denotation	dictionary definition	44
3541663213	connotation	emotional power a word has	45
3541665884	semantics	study of the meaning of words	46
3541668003	euphemism	language to hide reality, the softening of an idea	47
3541669767	litotes	emphasizes a point by using a word opposite to the condition	48
3541685736	mode	how you write about the genre	49
3541688390	motif	a recurring element in a work of art	50
3541700802	archetype	a symbol that transcends time and culture	51
3541704467	paradox	two contradictory statements that presents a truth	52
3541710608	juxtaposition	to put two subjects side by side for comparing and contrasting	53
3541714497	apostrophe	when a writer or speaker, usually overwhelmed by emotion, breaks from the normal flow of writing and address an inanimate object or presence which cannot respond	54
3541729423	oxymoron	two words that are contradictory	55
3541731909	caricature	exaggerating distinctive features of something	56
3541741070	satire	a literary genre that uses representation, hyperbole, understatement, caricature, parody, irony, and wit to expose humanity's vices and foible, giving impetus to change or reform through ridicule	57
3541761310	horation satire	pokes fun with indulgent tone	58
3541763950	juvenalian satire	denounces human vice in a severe tone	59
3541769731	direct satire	talks directly to the audience	60
3541776159	indirect satire	is produced by modes of presentation and repesentation	61
3541778077	parody	imitative use of the words, style, attitude,tone, and ideas of an author, genre, or style in such way as to make them ridicoulous	62
3541793699	allusion	reference t mythology, religion, pop culture, historical people and events, and,or works of literature or art	63
3541798811	genre	a type of writing on it's category or branch	64
3541805736	epigraph	literally writing on the surface	65
3541809315	continuum	the idea that things are not either black or white, but lies in the middle	66
3541813787	pragmatism	does an action for a direct outcome	67
3541821698	idealism	not always getting a tangable result	68
3541831750	context	the situation in which something occurs	69
3541833519	ubiquitous	seemingly everywhere	70
3541835167	explicit	a message or meaning is directly stated	71
3541839287	implicit	suggested meaning or message	72
3541841801	foible	minor flaw in character	73
3541852441	hypothetical situation	creates a possible world/future	74
3541859435	types of introductions	anecdote/personal story, hypothetical situation,fact/statistics, the opposite (counterclaim), a question	75
3541869605	funnel introduction	starts out abstract then casually get more specific towards the topic	76