AP World History - Amerindians Flashcards

3335817424	Hongwu	First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry	0
3335818789	mandarins	elite group of wealthy Confucian scholars who ran the Chinese civil service bureaucracy	1
3335828979	monarchies	Countries ruled by a king or queen	2
3335819515	Yongle Encyclopedia	Ming - China - collection of Chinese philosophical, literary, and historical texts.	3
3335819516	Jesuits	Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.	4
3335820326	Renaissance	"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome	5
3335821041	Prince Henry the Navigator	(1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.	6
3335821042	Maya	Mesoamerican civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras but never unified into a single empire. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of the calendar.	7
3335822284	chinampas	Raised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.	8
3335822987	Toltecs	Powerful postclassic empire in central Mexico (900-1168 C.E.). It influenced much of Mesoamerica. Aztecs claimed ties to this earlier civilization.	9
3335822988	Lake Texcoco	Lake where the capital city of the ancient Aztecs Tenochtitlan was built	10
3335825866	Aztecs	Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax.	11
3335825867	Inca	Ancient civilization (1200-1500AD) that was located in the Andes in Peru	12
3335825868	khipu	System of knotted colored cords used by preliterate Andean peoples to transmit information.	13
3335827083	Andes Mountains	the largest mountain range in the world; home of the Chavin and Inca civilizations.	14
3335827724	Cuzco	The capital city of the Incan Empire, Located in present-day Peru	15
3335827725	Anasazi	A Native American who lived in what is now southern Colorado and Utah and northern Arizona and New Mexico and who built cliff dwellings	16
3335828270	Allyu	The rural communities formed by the peasants of the Incas.	17
3335828271	mit'a	Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.	18