AP World History Flashcards

3694158844	Paleolithic (Stone) Age	Lasting about 2 million years, humans learned simple tool use and hunting and gathering skills	0
3694158845	Neolithic Revolution	The development of agriculture leading to population growth and expansion in all areas of the world	1
3694158846	Bronze Age	Period where metalwork was perfected, specifically bronze	2
3694158847	Slash and burn agriculture	Agricultural method where group of people would burn trees down and farm intensively off area until the soil is depleted, then move on	3
3694158848	Çatal Hüyük	Neolithic village in present day Turkey, one of the first civilizations	4
3694158849	Civilization	Society with economic surplus to form division of labor and a social hierarchy	5
3694158850	Cuneiform	First writing, wedge characters began in Middle East	6
3694158851	Mesopotamia	First civilization between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, founded in the Middle East	7
3694158852	Ziggurats	Massive towers, first architectural structures in Mesopotamia	8
3694158853	Hunting Foraging Society	Society built off of men hunting for food, women gathering	9
3694158854	City-States	Small sectors of a society run by a leader	10
3694158855	Hammurabi's Code	First code of law dealing with punishments and court rulings, enacted during Babylonian rule of Mesopotamia	11
3694158856	Indus River Civilization	Prosperous urban civilization located near the Indus River (India). Had two famous cities Harappa and Mohenjo Daro	12
3694158857	Nile River Valley Civilization	Egyptian civilization along the Nile River in Northern Africa	13
3694158858	Huanghe (Yellow River) Civilization	Civilization along the Huanghe River in China	14
3694158859	First Chinese dynasty	Shang	15
3694158860	Phoenicians	Group of people who devised a 22 letter alphabet, set up colonial cities in North Africa and the coasts of Europe to trade	16
3694158861	Monotheism	The belief in only one God	17
3694158862	Animism	the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe	18
3694158863	Domestication	To tame or to work closely with something (plants/animals)	19
3694158864	Egalitarian Society	Society where all people are treated equally with respects to social, economic, and political factors	20
3694158865	Hinduism	A religion primarily found in India, belief in many gods goal is to reach Moksha	21
3694158866	Olmec	Found near Gulf of Mexico, saw jaguar as religious symbol, built giant heads to honor rulers	22
3694158867	Chavin	Found near Andes mountains, also saw jaguar as religious symbol, specialized in trade of seafood and shells	23
3694158868	Bantus	Nomadic people from Africa	24
3696130984	Nubia	Civilization in Africa, people lived along the Nile	25
3696130985	Patriarchal Society	Society where men are valued and treated better than women	26
3696130986	Social Stratification	The division of people into a hierarchy, often based off income, wealth, and power	27
3696130987	Nomadic Pastoralism	Form of Pastoralism where livestock are herded in order to find fresh pastures to graze	28
3696130988	Zoroastrianism	One of the oldest monotheistic religions, founded by Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran	29
3696130989	Rig Veda	Ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns	30
3696130990	Zhou Dynasty	After Shang, did not establish strong government instead ruled through relations with noble families. Created the Mandate of Heaven, but lacked a strong military and was overcome with peasant rebellions	31
3696130991	Qin Dynasty	Led by Emperor Shi Huangdi, built the Great Wall of China, taxed people heavily for military and attacked intellectuals	32
3696130992	Han Dynasty	After Qin, sought to reduce the oppression of the Qin, relied heavily on bureaucracy	33
3696130993	Confucianism	Philosophy which stressed respect for social superiority	34
3696130994	Daoism	Philosophy that embraces nature and spirits	35
3696130995	Bureaucracy	System of government where most important decisions are made by state officials rather than elected representatives	36
3696130996	Vedas	Ancient books written by Aryans in Sanskrit	37
3696130997	Dharma	Rule of moral consequences	38
3696130998	Mauryan Dynasty	Dynasty along the Ganges River, in India followed the Persian style of government and controlled a large army	39
3696130999	Gupta Dynasty	After Mauryans, less influential rulers but more technological and scientific advances such as the creation of pi	40
3696131000	Cyrus the Great	Established the Persian Empire	41
3696131001	Peloponnesian Wars	War between Athens and Sparta eventually won by Phillip II of Macedon	42
3696131002	Hajj	Pilgrimage to Mecca	43
3696131003	Abu Bakr	Muhammad's earliest follower and closest friend	44
3696131004	Sunnis vs Shias	Sunnis backed the Umayyads while the Shias supported Ali as caliph	45