Biochemistry - AP Biology Flashcards
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| 5477719000 | Amino Acid |  | 0 | |
| 5477719001 | Amino Group |  | 1 | |
| 5477719002 | Carbonyl Group |  | 2 | |
| 5477719003 | Carboxyl Group (Carboxylic Acid Group) |  | 3 | |
| 5477719004 | Steroid |  | 4 | |
| 5477719005 | Covalent Bond | Type of bond formed when atoms share electrons. This strong bond does not dissolve in water. |  | 5 |
| 5477719006 | Disaccharide |  | 6 | |
| 5477719007 | Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) |  | 7 | |
| 5477719008 | Polysaccharide |  | 8 | |
| 5477719009 | Hydrogen Bond | Weak bond formed by electrostatic attraction between the partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom and the partial negative charge on another atom. |  | 9 |
| 5477719010 | Hydroxyl Group |  | 10 | |
| 5477719011 | Ionic Bond | Very strong bond formed by electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged atoms. Dissolves in water. |  | 11 |
| 5477719012 | Monosaccharide | A carbohydrate containing a single sugar molecule. |  | 12 |
| 5477719013 | Nucleotide | The monomer that forms nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Consists of a nitrogenous base linked to a sugar and a phosphate group. |  | 13 |
| 5477719014 | Phosphate Group |  | 14 | |
| 5477719015 | Protein |  | 15 | |
| 5477719016 | Sulfhydryl Group |  | 16 | |
| 5477719017 | Triglyceride |  | 17 | |
| 5477719018 | Van der Waals Bond | Extremely weak bond formed by transient electrostatic interactions between non-polar molecules. |  | 18 |
| 5477719019 | Monomer | A subunit that links with others in a chain to form a larger molecule (polymer). | 19 | |
| 5477719020 | Polymer | A large molecule make up of many smaller molecules (monomers) linked together. | 20 | |
| 5477719021 | Organic Molecule | A molecule found produced by living organisms containing carbon. | 21 | |
| 5477719022 | Lipid | A hydrophobic compound containing C and H atoms. Examples include fats, oils, steroids, and waxes. | 22 | |
| 5477719023 | Carbohydrate | A hydrophilic compound containing 1 C: 2 H : 1 O. Examples include sugar, starch, glycogen, and cellulose. | 23 | |
| 5477719024 | Phospholipid | An amphipathic molecule with a hydrophilic "head" and hydrophobic "tail." Forms cell membranes. |  | 24 |
| 5477719025 | Atom | The basic unit of matter, consisting of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud. | 25 | |
| 5477719026 | Molecule | A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. | 26 | |
| 5477719027 | Proton | A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom. | 27 | |
| 5477719028 | Neutron | An uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom. | 28 | |
| 5477719029 | Electron | A negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus of an atom. | 29 | |
| 5477719030 | Valence Electron | The electrons in the outermost shell (main energy level) of an atom; these are the electrons involved in forming bonds. | 30 | |
| 5477719034 | Exergonic | Chemical reactions that release energy. | 31 | |
| 5477719035 | Endergonic | Chemical reactions that absorb energy. | 32 | |
| 5477719040 | Hydrophilic (Polar) | Charged or partially charged molecules that are miscible or soluble in water. Name means "water loving." | 33 | |
| 5477719041 | Hydrophobic (Non-polar) | Molecules with no charge that are not miscible or soluble in water. Name means "water hating." | 34 | |
| 5477719046 | Specific Heat | The amount of energy required to change the temperature of a material. Water has a high value. | 35 | |
| 5477719047 | Surface Tension | A force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid's surface together, thereby decreasing surface area to the smallest possible size. | 36 | |
| 5477719048 | Electronegative | Tends to attract electrons. Highest for elements in the upper right corner of the periodic table. | 37 |