The Colonies Flashcards
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| 4789995449 | John Smith | Leader of Jamestown, took control of colony, and implemented the rule that those who don't work will not eat. |  | 0 |
| 4789995450 | Pocahontas | a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith's life; later married John Rolfe which made for good relations between the Jamestown settlers and the Native Americans |  | 1 |
| 4789996189 | Powhatan | Indian chief and founder of the Powhatan tribes in eastern Virginia; father of Pocahontas |  | 2 |
| 4789996190 | indentured servants | Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years |  | 3 |
| 4789997789 | Virginia Company | The first joint-stock company in the colonies; founded Jamestown; promised gold, conversion of Indian to Christianity, and passage to the Indies |  | 4 |
| 4789997790 | joint stock company | A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts. |  | 5 |
| 4789999389 | cavaliers | nickname for the upper & middle class settlers who came to settle Virginia |  | 6 |
| 4790051777 | tobacco | Cash crop that made a profit and saved Jamestown; introduced to Virginia by John Rolfe |  | 7 |
| 4794255415 | The Starving Time | people in Jamestown were too focused on finding gold, did not grow enough food for themselves; resulted in many deaths during winter of 1609-1610 |  | 8 |
| 4794260262 | House of Burgesses | the first representative government established in North America; governing institution of Jamestown, VA |  | 9 |
| 4794265199 | slaves | used to grow tobacco instead of indentured servants in Jamestown and later, the other colonies; brought to the Americas by the Dutch to Jamestown |  | 10 |
| 4815943302 | Pilgrims | Group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts in 1620 to seek religious freedom. |  | 11 |
| 4815949291 | Thanksgiving | A dinner between the Pilgrims and Wampanoag natives to celebrate the first harvest (successful growing of crops). |  | 12 |
| 4815958440 | Squanto | Native American who helped the Plymouth colony survive by teaching skills. ( hunt, plant, guide, peace) |  | 13 |
| 4815965798 | Mayflower Compact | A document written by the Pilgrims establishing a government in the Plymouth Colony; began colonists' tradition of self-government in the New World |  | 14 |
| 4815980329 | Plymouth | Colony settled by the Pilgrims. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony. |  | 15 |
| 4815989358 | Geography of New England | Short growing season, rocky soil, cold winters, mountainous region |  | 16 |
| 4815993018 | New England Colonies | Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire |  | 17 |
| 4816004636 | John Winthrop | Puritan Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, envisioned colony as a "city upon a hill" |  | 18 |
| 4816011115 | "City Upon a Hill" | Idea of Massachusetts Bay Colony as a Puritan model for others to look up to |  | 19 |
| 4816020770 | Puritans | A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England of Catholic traditions; came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay. |  | 20 |
| 4816024065 | direct democracy | A form of government in which citizens rule directly |  | 21 |
| 4816027419 | town meetings | A purely democratic form of government common in the colonies, and the most popular form of local government in New England; the town's voting population would meet from time to time to elect officers, levy taxes, and pass laws. |  | 22 |
| 4816033765 | Roger Williams | A dissenter who clashed with Puritans over the issue of separation of church and state; banished from Massachusetts in 1636; traveled south where he founded the colony of Rhode Island, which granted full religious freedom to its people |  | 23 |
| 4816039750 | Anne Hutchinson | Puritan woman who disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts; her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island |  | 24 |
| 4816051612 | King Phillip's War | War between the Native American tribes of New England and British colonists; was the result of tension caused by white settlers moving into Native American lands; the war ended Indian resistance in New England leaving the area for colonial expansion |  | 25 |
| 4816067389 | Metacom | aka King Phillip; Native American chief who fought against English colonists in the King Philip's War against colonial expansion |  | 26 |
| 4816074781 | Salem Witch Trials | Outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Puritan village marked by an atmosphere of fear, hysteria and stress |  | 27 |
| 4871682592 | Geography of the Middle Colonies | Long growing season, good fertile soil, and mild climate | 28 | |
| 4871698557 | Middle Colonies | New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware | 29 | |
| 4871726339 | William Penn | A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution. | 30 | |
| 4871731026 | grain | Cash crop that brought economic prosperity to the Middle Colonies; grown in the "bread basket" of the Colonies |  | 31 |
| 4871749552 | proprietary colony | A colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a king or queen |  | 32 |
| 4871750673 | royal colony | A colony under the direct control of a monarch |  | 33 |
| 4871754110 | frontier | A wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country |  | 34 |
| 4871763098 | Great Awakening | Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. |  | 35 |
| 4871769923 | Johnathon Edwards | Important leader in the Great Awakening; "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" |  | 36 |
| 4871776110 | Southern Colonies | Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia |  | 37 |
| 4871808114 | Lord Baltimore | Founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics |  | 38 |
| 4871819186 | James Oglethorpe | English leader who founded the colony of Georgia as a place where debtors from England could begin new lives |  | 39 |
| 4871823782 | Triangular Trade | A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa |  | 40 |
| 4871835422 | Bacon's Rebellion | A rebellion led by a frontiersman in Virginia with backcountry farmers to attack Native Americans in an attempt to gain more land when the governor of Virginia failed to help them |  | 41 |