AP World History/Governments Flashcards

4792153910	Anarchy	a condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of government aurthority	0
4792160584	Commonwealth	a nation, state, or other political entity founded on law and united by a compact of the people for the common good	1
4792169649	Communism	a system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy	2
4792178007	Confederacy	a union by compact or treaty between states, provinces, or territories, that creates a central government with limited powers; the constituent entities retain supreme power over all matters except those delegated to the central government	3
4792206529	Constitutional	a government by operating under an authoritative document (constitution) that sets forth the system of fundamental laws and principles the determines the nature, functions, and limits of that government	4
4792243642	Constitutional Democracy	a form of government in which the sovereign power of the people is spelled out in a governing constitution	5
4792251689	Constitutional Monarchy	a system of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom	6
4792264450	Democracy	a form of government in which the supreme power is held by the people, but which is usually exercised indirectly through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically removed	7
4792280096	Democratic Republic	a state in which the supreme power rests with the citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them	8
4792287343	Dictatorship	a form of government in which a ruler or small clique wield absolute power (not restricted) a system in which citizens do not posses the right to choose their own leaders	9
4792301287	Ecclesiastical	a government administrated by a church	10
4792304771	Empire	a major political unit having a territory of great extent or a number of territories or people under a single sovereign authority: one having an emperor as chief of state	11
4792319714	Federal	form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided - usually by constitution - between a central authority and a number of constituent regions; each region retains some management over it's eternal affairs; central government exerts influence directly upon both individuals as well as upon the regional units	12
4792353725	Federal Republic	a state in which the powers of the central government are restricted and in which the component parts retain a degree of self-government; ultimate sovereign powers rests with the voters who chose their governmental representatives	13
4792368509	Maoism	the theory of practice of Marxism-Leninism developed in China by Mao Zedong , which states that a continuous revolution is necessary if the leaders of a communist state are to keep in touch with the people	14
4793127002	Marxism	the political, economic, and social principles espoused by the 19th century economist Karl Marx; he viewed the struggle of workers as progression of historical forces that would proceed from a class of struggle of the workers exploited by capitalists, to a social "dictatorship of the proletariat," to, finally, a classless society- communism	15
4793142313	Marxism-Leninism	an expanded form of communism developed by Lenin from doctrines of Karl Marx; Lenin saw imperialism as the first stage of capitalism and shifted the focus of workers' struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries	16
4793152037	Monarchy	a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right;the monarch may be either a sole absolute ruler or a sovereign one (king, queen, ect.)- with constitutionally limited authority	17
4793165315	Oligarchy	a government in which control is expressed by a small group of individuals whose authority generally based on wealth or power	18
4793170321	Parliamentary Democracy	a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government (people that make the important decisions) according to the party strength as expressed in elections; by this system, the government acquires a dual responsibility; to the people as well as to the parliament	19
4793185620	Parliamentary Government (Cabinet-Parliamentary Government)	a government in which members of an executive branch are nominated to their positions by a legislature or parliament, and are directly responsible to it; this type of government can be dissolved at will by the parliament by means of a no confidence vote or the leader of the cabinet may dissolve the parliament if it can no longer function	20
4793200191	Parliamentary Monarchy	a state headed by a monarch who is nor actively involved in policy formation or implementation; true governmental leadership is carried out by a cabinet and it's head	21
4793205650	Republic	a representative democracy in which the people's elected deputies, not the people themselves, vote on legislation	22
4793208246	State	a politically organized body of people usually occupying a definite territory: one that is sovereign	23
4793213052	Socialism	a government in which the means of planning, producing, and distributing goods is controlled by a central government that theoretically seeks a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor; in actuality, most socialist governments have ended up being no more than a dictatorship over workers by a ruling elite	24
4793223638	Sultanate	similar to a monarchy, but a government in which the supreme power is in the hands of a sultan (the head of a muslim state); the sultan may be an absolute ruler or a sovereign ruler with constitutionally limited authority	25
4793230551	Theocracy	a form of government in which a Deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, but the Deity's laws are interpreted by ecclesiastical authorities (bishops, mullahs, ect.); a government subject to religious authority	26
4793242839	Totalitarian	a government that seeks to subordinate the individual to state by controlling not only all political and economic matters, but also the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population	27