AP World History: The Americas Flashcards

5142488874	geographic	_____ features prevented large-scale fruitful interactions between different Mesoamerican civilizations	0
5142488875	domesticated animals, iron-working	lack of _____ ____ and ____-____ technologies caused a set back for achievements in Eastern Hemisphere civilizations	1
5142488876	maize, beans, chili peppers, squash	list examples of popular crops in the Eastern Hemisphere	2
5142488877	creation and destruction	essential the the Mayan polytheistic religion was the belief in a cycle of....	3
5142488878	market exchanges	what were the shared economies of Mesoamerican civilizations based off of	4
5142488879	human sacrifice	____ _____ played a vital role in all major civilizations of Middle America	5
5142488880	polytheistic	what kind of religious beliefs did the peoples of South America hold	6
5142488881	Olmec	the "mother civilization" of Mesoamerica	7
5142488882	trade	Olmec culture spread primarily through...	8
5142488883	Maya	major classical civilization of Mesoamerica	9
5142488884	golden age	what is the significance of the era between 350-900 CE to the Maya	10
5142488885	zero	what breakthrough concept was realized by the Maya	11
5142488886	astronomy	one of the most remarkable achievements of the Maya was it's expansions in the field of...	12
5142488887	solar year	the Maya are known for accurately calculating the	13
5142488888	Maya	which civilization held the most elaborate writing system in all of the Americas	14
5142488889	Maya	what civilization drained swamps, terraced hillsides, flattened ridge tops, and constructed elaborate water management systems	15
5142488890	city-states	the Mayan civilization was politically organized into	16
5142488891	no	did the Mayan civilization have a central authority?	17
5142488892	sacrifices	the Maya were constantly at was due to their need to collect what?	18
5142488893	divine rulers	Mayan kings were ____ _____, connecting humankind with the supernatural	19
5142488894	Mesopotamia and Greece	as far as political structure, what two civilizations most closely resemble the Maya?	20
5142488895	drought	in 840, what significant event led to a massive decrease in Mayan populations as well as evacuation of many Mayan cities (historians acknowledge this as what lead to Mayan fall)	21
5142488896	85%	what percent of the Mayan population died in the drought of 840	22
5142488897	clan-based	what was the original social organization of the Aztec?	23
5142488898	monarchical	what system of government did the Aztec develop after establishing Tenochtitlan and Tlatelolco?	24
5142488899	territorial conquest	how did Aztec kings increase their wealth and power	25
5142488900	political decisions, wealth inequalities	as the Aztec empire grew in size, commoners lost their ability to impact what? what did this lead to?	26
5142488901	capital area	land reclamation projects and irrigated fields increased the agricultural production in what area of the Aztec Empire?	27
5142488902	1/4	food tribute made up how much the the food requirements of the Aztec capital	28
5142488903	merchants	who controlled long-distance trade	29
5142488904	human porters	due to the lack of wheeled vehicles and draft animals, goods to be traded were carried by?	30
5142488905	barter system	what system did the Aztec use in trade	31
5142488906	Teotihuacan	what Aztec city was the largest urban complex in the Americas?	32
5142488907	Street of the Dead	the city of Teotihuacan housed the infamous "____ ___ ___ ____", along which captured elites were led to the temple for sacrifice	33
5142488908	self-glorifying	the art of the Aztec is known for being less ____-____ than that of the Maya	34
5142488909	floating gardens	what agricultural resource of the Aztec was essential for supporting a larger population	35
5142488910	artisans	pottery, obsidian tools, and weapons were crafted by Aztec ____	36
5142488911	elites	who controlled Aztec state bureaucracy, tax, and commerce	37
5142488912	wealthy families	who ruled the Aztec civilization	38
5142488913	trade and tribute enforcement	two main uses of the Aztec military	39
5142488914	Teotihuacan	resource mismanagement, conflicts within the elite class, and invasion led to the collapse of what major city?	40
5142488915	ayllu	basic unit of Andean labor (also known as a clan)	41
5142488916	collective	the ownership of land in Andean civilizations was ______	42
5142488917	labor	those in the Andean civilization were required to provide what for each other and the clan chief?	43
5142488918	mit'a	system which required each ayllu to provide a set number of workers each year to provide labor	44
5142488919	gender	division of labor in Andean civilization was based upon what?	45
5142488920	men	in Andean civilization, who was responsible for controlling hunting, war, and government?	46
5142488921	women	in Andean civilization, who was responsible for controlling weaving, crops, and the home?	47
5142488922	Moche	what civilization used the mit'a system to construct an irregated agricultural system	48
5142488923	irrigation system	the economic success of the Moche was rooted in it's....	49
5142488924	warrior-priests	who governed the Moche	50
5142488925	fragile environmental conditions	what factor acted as a major setback for Moche civilization	51
5142488926	Inca	the Moche and Chavin civilizations were eventually absorbed by the...	52
5142488927	Cuzco	where does the Incan civilization find it's origins?	53
5142488928	military and trade	by what means did the Inca become a powerful and wealthy empire?	54
5142488929	mit'a	what labor system was employed by the Inca	55
5142488930	local rulers	the Inca employed who to look after individual captured regions	56
5142488931	kidnapping heirs	the Inca maintained control over regional leaders by what method	57
5142488932	imperial bureaucracy	what kind of government did the Inca have	58
5142488933	conquest	how did new Incan kings prove themselves worthy?	59
5142488934	Cuzco	capital of the Inca	60
5142488935	puma	the city of Cuzco was shaped like a ____	61
5142488936	improving existing technology	instead of developing new technology, the Inca focused primarily on _________ _____ _____	62
5142488937	civil war	what weakened the Inca, making the vulnerable to European conquest	63