AP World History Flashcards

5692056131	Indus River Valley civilization	The ancient civilization in modern day India	0
5692056132	Mohenjo Daro/Harappa	Two most important cities in the Indus River Valley	1
5692062778	Code of Hammurabi	Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC	2
5692066974	Peloponnesian War	The Greek Civil War between Sparta and Athens	3
5692066975	Qin Shihuangdi	Founder of the Qin Dynasty and first emperor of a unified China	4
5692073947	Roman Republic	the period of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire	5
5692076887	Mauryan Empire	A geographically extensive Iron Age historical power founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between c. 322 and 185 BCE	6
5692076888	Rig Veda	The Rigveda is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns	7
5692080564	Siddhartha Gautama	Commonly referred to as "The Buddha", this man came from a rich background and started Buddhism	8
5692084568	Bhagavad Gita	a 700-verse Hindu scripture in Sanskrit that is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata	9
5692084569	Wang Mang	a Han Dynasty official who seized the throne from the Liu family and founded the Xin Dynasty, ruling 9-23 AD	10
5692091842	Caste System	4 classes; Brahmins (priestly people), the Kshatriyas (rulers, administrators and warriors), the Vaishyas (artisans, merchants, tradesmen and farmers), Shudras (peasants)	11
5692098636	Empress Wu	a Chinese sovereign who ruled unofficially as empress consort and empress dowager and later, officially as empress regnant during the Tang dynasty	12
5692101227	Maya Civilization	a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, known for their writing	13
5692104040	Silk Roads	The trade routes throughout Eurasia. Spread luxury goods, culture, and diseases	14
5692227834	Sea Roads	The trade routes throughout the Indian Ocean.	15
5692227835	Sand Roads	The trade routes throughout the Sahara Desert.	16
5692235560	Pochteca	professional, long-distance traveling merchants in the Aztec Empire, facilitated commerce, communicated important things across Empire and beyond borders	17
5692235561	Tribute System	the network of trade and foreign relations between China and its tributaries that helped to shape much of East Asian affairs	18
5692240164	Five Pillars of Islam	Shahadah: sincerely reciting the Muslim profession of faith. Salat: performing ritual prayers in the proper way five times each day. Zakat: paying an alms (or charity) tax to benefit the poor and the needy. Sawm: fasting during the month of Ramadan. Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca.	19
5692240165	Olmecs	first major civilization in Guatemala and Mexico (first in mesoamerica)	20
5692243014	Epic of Gilgamesh	an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia (about Uruk and Enkidu)	21
5692243015	Greco-Persian Wars	a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and Greek city-states that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC	22
5692247806	Alexander the Great	(Alexander III of Macedon) spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, and by the age of thirty he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from Greece to northwestern India	23
5692247807	Han Dynasty	2nd imperial dynasty of China (206 BC- 220 AD)	24
5692253922	Roman Empire	post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia	25
5692253923	Ashoka	Ashoka was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE	26
5692258995	Upanishads	A collection of texts that contain some of the central philosophical concepts of Hinduism, some of which are shared with Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism	27
5692261828	Theraveda and Mahayana Buddhism	Theravada Buddhism claims that one must give up worldly and materialistic possessions to achieve Nirvana, while Mahayana Buddhism is more appealing because one can simply donate to achieve Nirvana.	28
5692262188	Zoroastrianism	one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. Founded by the Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago	29
5692266876	Yellow Turban Movement	Peasant revolt in China against the Han dynasty.	30
5692266877	Spartacus	Thracian gladiator who was a leader in the Third Servile War, a rebellion against the Roman Empire.	31
5692271203	Axum	a trading nation in the area of Eritrea and Northern Ethiopia. It existed from approximately 100-940 AD	32
5692271204	Teotihuacan	is a vast Mexican archaeological complex northeast of Mexico City	33
5692274204	Black Death	Also known as the Bubonic Plague. Spread by the fleas on rats and lead to the death of 75-200 million.	34
5692274205	Swahili Civilization	Around the first century AD Bantu Africans were living on the east coast of Africa. Arab merchants and traders came to the east coast of Africa to trade and settle. These people and the Bantu Africans formed the Swahili civilization.	35
5692278329	Ghana/Mali/Songhay	Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were three of the greatest western African trading states.	36
5692278330	Tang and Song Dynasties	The Golden Age of a reunified China, highly commercialized, invention of gunpowder, lots of trade	37
5692283170	Xiongnu	also known as the Asiatic Huns, were one of the nomadic peoples of Ancient Central Asia.	38
5692287309	Sunni Muslims	believe that anyone can be the caliph if they have the approval of the community.	39
5692287518	Shia Muslims	believe that only descendants of Ali, the son in law of Mohammed, can be the caliph.	40
5692290872	Sufi Muslims	Sufi Muslims: are very mystical and perform rituals to individually come into contact with the divine.	41