Ch. 20 AP World History Flashcards

3845169841	After 1450, the growing and often bitter contacts between Europeans and Africans, primarily through______	the slave trade, linked the destiny of Africa to the broader external trends of the emerging world economy	0
3845198264	This forced migration was part of the international exchange of ____	foods, diseases, animals, and ideas that marked the era and had a profound influence on the indigenous people in various regions, as we saw in the case of the Americas	1
3845206656	Before 1800 at least twice as many ______	Africans crossed the Atlantic than did Europeans, and so they were fundamental to creation of the Atlantic system	2
3845209892	Portuguese ships pushed down west Africa coast and finally reached the ______	Cape of Good Hope in 1487	3
3845211848	factories	European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce	4
3845220782	El Mina	most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone	5
3845228488	The first slaves brought directly to Portugal from Africa arrived in ___	1441	6
3845379699	About ___ million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic	12 million	7
3845382457	What area had the must slaves in the Americas?	Brazil	8
3845384002	The high volume of the slave trade was necessary to the slave owners because, in most of the slave regimes in the ______	Caribbean and Latin America, slave mortality was high and fertility was low	9
3845385718	By 1860, almost ___ million slaves worked in the Emercas	6 million	10
3845387540	Difference in types of slaves:	The older trans-Sahara, Red Sea, and east African slave trades in the hands of Muslim traders continued throughout the period and added another 3 million ppl tot the total of Africans exported as slaves in this period. The Atlantic slave trade drew slaves from across the continent and its concentration shifted over time.	11
3845392881	The majority of the trans-Saharan slave trade consisted of ____	women to be used as concubines and domestic servants in north Africa and the Middle East	12
3845395487	the Atlantic slave trade concentrated on	men	13
3845397635	triangular trade	commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe	14
3845404485	European merchants and royal officials were able to tap ________	existing routes, markets, and institutions, but the new and constant demand also intensified enslavement in Africa and perhaps changed the nature of slavery itself in some African societies	15
3845406951	With access to ____ werstern and central African kingdoms began to redirect trade toward the coast and to expand their influence	European goods, especially firearms, iron, horses, cloth, tobacco, and other goods	16
3845409487	Asante Empire	Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650	17
3845410821	asantehene	Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool	18
3845413228	Dahomey	Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port by Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African	19
3845416532	saltwater slaves	slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black	20