1).? ??Martin? ?Luther:? ?ID:?? ?He? ?was? ?a? ?German? ?Monk? ?who? ?denounced? ?the? ?Roman? ?Catholic? ?Church? ?and? ?its practices? ?in? ?1517.? ?He? ?opposed? ?the? ?sale? ?of? ?indulgences? ?where? ?individuals? ?would? ?be? ?pardoned? ?of? ?their? ?sins through? ?payment? ?which? ?facilitated? ?their? ?entry? ?into? ?heaven? ?.Luther? ?saw? ?this? ?behavior? ?as? ?decadent? ?behavior Sig?:? ?Luther?s? ?challenge? ?of? ?the? ?church? ?led? ?to? ?him? ?being? ?excommunicated? ?by? ?the? ?Pope.? ?At? ?this? ?time,? ?being excommunicated? ?was? ?a? ?very? ?fearful? ?thought/concept.? ?Luther?s? ?challenge? ?had? ?enormous? ?political? ?and religious? ?implications.? ?Luther?s? ?act? ?of? ??rebellion?? ?against? ?the? ?church? ?helped? ?the? ?Protestant? ?Revolution