Ap Biology Cell Organelles Flashcards

5287534793	Chloroplast	Site of photosynthesis Converts solar energy into potential energy in the glucose molecule plant cells only	0
5287534794	Peroxisomes	Micro-body that removes excess hydrogen from the cell and combines it with oxygen to make hydrogen peroxide Catalase breaks down the toxic H2O2 plant and animal cells	1
5287534798	Plasmodesmata	holes and channels in the cell wall that connect adjacent cells allows water, small solutes, and other molecules how plant cells communicate plant cells only	2
5287534799	Tight Junctions	Establish barriers that prevents leakage of cytoplasm 0.1 um animal cells only	3
5287534800	Desmosomes	Joins two cells together by the cytoskeleton joins by rivets into strong sheets 0.8 um animal cells only	4
5287534801	Gap Junctions	Connects two adjacent cells, allows subjects to pass through Tunnels animal cells only Connection protein in almost all tissue cells 0.05 um	5
5287534802	Contractile Vacuole	Osmosis regulation Takes water from cell then pushes the water out through cell membrane or wall Protists and algae	6
5287534803	Cell Membrane	Protects cell from surroundings Allows certain substances in, keeps others out Phospholipid bilayer with proteins plant and animal	7
5287534804	Nucleus	Brain of cell contains dna plant and animal	8
5287534805	Nucleolus	Non-membranus structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoi plant and animal	9
5287534806	Centrioles	Small microtubles arranged in specific ways aids in cell division-anaphase moves to opposite poles-pulls sister chromatids Animal only	10
5287534807	Ribosomes	complexes that makes proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope translate mRNA into amino acid plant and animal	11
5287534808	Golgi Apparatus	organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products Plant and animal	12
5287534809	Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough+Smooth	network of membranous sacs and tubes active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes Plant and animal	13
5287534810	Mitochondria	organelle where cellular resperation occurs and most ATP is generated plant and animal	14
5287534811	Lysosomes	digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed autophagy animal only	15
5287534812	Vacuole	largest organelle in a cell surrounded by a membrane and functions to hold materials and wastes membrane lined pocket Plant only	16
5287534813	Cytoskeleton	reinforces cell's shape;functions in cell movement; components are made of protein plant and animal	17
5287534814	Microtubles	chromosome movement, cell division processes, and maintains cell shape MOVING CELL PARTS plant and animal	18
5287534815	Microfilaments	helps with cell movement, gives shape,cytoplasmic streaming Thinnest filament thin, solid rods actin, myosin INVOLVED in MUSCLE CONTRACTION animal and plant	19
5287534816	Intermediate Filaments	shape cell, maintains positions of some organelles proteins (keratin) in coils ADDS STRUCTURE;HOLDS ORGANELLES in POSITION plant only	20
5287534817	Central Vacuole	prominent in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of waste, and hydrolysis of macro-molecules; enlargement of vacuole is major mechanism of plant growth plant only	21
5287534818	Cell Wall	outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects from damage made of cellulose and other polysachrides, and proteins Plant only	22
5287534819	Cilia	located on outside of cell pushes cell forward hair like plant and animal	23
5287534820	Flagellum	located on the outside of a cell pushes the cell forward whip like structure made of microtubles; 9 pair ring outside, 1 pair inside	24