CH 6 Language - AP Human Geography Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 5619497349 | accent | set of sounds and symbols used for communication | 0 | |
| 5619497350 | Anatolian Hypothesis (hearth) | (Sedentary Farmer) an alternative agricultural theory proposes that Proto-Indo_European | 1 | |
| 5619580155 | Conquest theory (hearth) | Early speakers of Proto-Indo_European spread east to west on horseback, overpowering earlier inhabitants and beginning the diffusion/differentiation of Indo_European tongues. | 2 | |
| 5619580156 | creole | is a pidgin languages with a more complex structure and vocabulary that has become the native language of a group of people. | 3 | |
| 5619582759 | Dialect | variants of standard language along regional or ethnic lines. (variants can be: vocabulary, syntax, pronunciation, cadence, and pace of speech) | 4 | |
| 5619585986 | Dialect chains | across space: dialects frequencies marked by actual differences in vocabulary (ex. variants in saying soda) | 5 | |
| 5619593927 | Dispersal hypothesis (hearth) | The Indo_European languages that arose from Proto-Indo-European were first carried eastward into Southwest Asia, next around the Caspian Sea, and then across the Russian-Ukrainian plains and on into the Balkans. | 6 | |
| 5619603253 | extinct language | is one that is no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world | 7 | |
| 5619606134 | Global language | The language used most commonly around the world | 8 | |
| 5619606135 | ideogram | Mandarin Chinese | 9 | |
| 5619611300 | Indo- European | This is a language branch that is mostly spoken in Europe. | 10 | |
| 5619613308 | isogloss | geographic boundary within a particular linguistic feature occurs. *a general area, not defined | 11 | |
| 5619617210 | isolated language | is one unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any language family. | 12 | |
| 5619617211 | language | a set of sounds and symbols that is used for communication | 13 | |
| 5619620619 | language branch | A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. | 14 | |
| 5619623544 | language divergence | where new language forms from an old one. | 15 | |
| 5619623545 | language convergence | collapsing two languages into one | 16 | |
| 5619626279 | language family | is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor | 17 | |
| 5619626280 | language group | related through descent from a common ancestor | 18 | |
| 5619629521 | lingua franca | is a language used among speakers of different languages for the purposes of trade and commerce. | 19 | |
| 5619632633 | literary tradition | is the passing down of stories which give meaning to human experiences | 20 | |
| 5619637475 | monolinguality | are countries where almost everyone speaks the same language | 21 | |
| 5631266676 | bilinguality | are countries where almost everyone speaks either one or the other language | 22 | |
| 5631269565 | multilinguality | Countries in which more than one language is in use | 23 | |
| 5619639331 | national language | is a language that has some connection with a people and the territory they occupy. | 24 | |
| 5619644789 | mutual intelligibility | Two people can understand each other when speaking. Some languages are similar, even though the people are fluent in different languages. | 25 | |
| 5619647445 | Nostratic Hypothesis | Proto-Indo European | 26 | |
| 5619658311 | official language | Countries with linguistic fragmentation often adapt this to tie the people together | 27 | |
| 5619658312 | orthography | sound of language | 28 | |
| 5619662941 | pidgin | when people speaking two or more languages are in contact and they combine parts of their language in a simplified structure and vocabulary. | 29 | |
| 5619665560 | Romance Languages | French, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, and Portuguese. It has much in common of their Latin connection, but are not mutually comprehensible. | 30 | |
| 5619665561 | Germanic Languages | English, German, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish. They reflect the expansion of peoples out of northern Europe west and south. | 31 | |
| 5619668051 | Slang | a type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people. | 32 | |
| 5619670355 | Slavic Languages | Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian. It is developed as Slavic people migrated from a base in present-day Ukraine about 2000 years ago. | 33 | |
| 5619675298 | soundshift | a slight change in word across languages within a subfamily or through a language family from the present backward towards its origin. | 34 | |
| 5619696810 | Spanglish | a hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions. | 35 | |
| 5619696811 | standard language | Languages with multiple dialects may recognize one as this and is widely recognized as the most acceptable for government, business, education, and mass communication. | 36 | |
| 5619699403 | subdialect | a division of a larger dialect | 37 | |
| 5619699404 | syntax | sentence structure | 38 | |
| 5619702620 | toponyms | Turn argued that by simply naming a place, people in effect call that place into being, and thereby impart a certain character to it | 39 | |
| 5619702621 | trade language | lingua franca for commerce | 40 | |
| 5619709504 | Vernacular | the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region. | 41 | |
| 5619768235 | Vocabulary | the body of words used in a particular language. | 42 | |
| 5619963107 | Proto-Indo-European | first major linguistic hypothesis giving the hearth of Ancient Latin , Greek & Sanskrit | 43 |