AP Language Terms Flashcards

4352800307	Ad hominem	1. Appealing to prejudice and emotion rather than to reason. 2. Attacking the character, motives, etc. of an opponent rather than debating the issue on logical grounds.	0
4352800308	Allegory	1. A story in which people, things, and happenings have a hidden or symbolic meaning	1
4352800309	Alliteration	The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells")	2
4352801582	Allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work or art.	3
4352801583	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	4
4352801584	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	5
4352803036	Antecedent	the word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun.	6
4352803037	Antithesis	An opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in balanced phrases or clauses. "Whereas he was boisterous, I was reserved."	7
4352803038	Aphorism	a terse statement of known authorship, which expresses a general truth or moral principle (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.)	8
4352803039	Apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.	9
4352803046	Apotheosis	When a character or a thing is elevated to such a high status that it appears godlike.	10
4352804338	Appositive	Phrase that follows a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity. Appositives are usually set off by commas.	11
4352804339	Assonance	A type of internal rhyming in which vowel sounds are repeated.	12
4352804340	Asyndeton	When the conjunctions (such as and or but) that would normally connect a string of words, phrases, or clauses are omitted from a sentence.	13
4352805756	Atmosphere	The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.	14
4352805757	Attitude	The feeling of a particular speaker or a piece of writing toward a subject, person, or idea.	15
4352805758	Bathos	False or forced emotion that is often humorous. Opposite of Pathos	16
4352805759	Clause	A grammatical unit that contains a subject and a verb.	17
4352806884	Connotation	The non-literal, associative meaning of a word	18
4352806885	Contrast	Writers often use contracts, or oppositions, to elaborate ideas.	19
4352806886	Denotation	The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color.	20
4352808343	Diction	Writer's word choice	21
4352808344	Didactic	Words that have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles.	22
4352809782	Elegiac	A work (of music, literature, dance, or art) that expresses sorrow. It mourns the loss of something, such as the death of a loved one.	23
4352809783	Ethos	Characteristic spirit, person, or ideal that informs a work.	24
4352809784	Euphemism	a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts. \	25
4352809785	Extended Metaphor	A comparison developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work	26
4352811818	Exposition	Refers to beginning of writing or speech that is organized to explain.	27
4352811819	Fiction	Works that have been imagined or create	28
4421057488	Figurative Language		29
4352813267	Figure of Speech	A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include, for example, apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement.	30
4352813268	Foreshadowing	A purposeful hint placed in a work of literature to suggest what may occur later in the narrative. For instance, a seemingly unrelated scene in a mystery story that focuses on a special interest of the detective may actually foreshadow the detective's use of that expertise in solving the mystery.	31
4352813269	Genre	: The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.	32
4352814755	Grammar	A set of rules that specify how a given language is used effectively	33
4352814756	Hyperbole	A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement	34
4352814757	Imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions.	35
4352814758	Irony/Ironic	The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what actually is true.	36
4352816727	Juxtaposition	When two contrasting things—ideas, words, or sentence elements—are placed next to each other for comparison,	37
4352816728	Logos	Refers to the use of reason as a controlling principle in an argument.	38
4352816729	Metaphor	a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity	39
4352816730	Metonymy	the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. A news release that claims "the White House declared" rather than "the President declared"	40
4352816731	Mood	Speaker's Attitude	41
4352818175	Onomatopoeia	A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.	42
4352818176	Overview	a brief summary of a whole work	43
4352818982	Oxymoron	a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest paradox	44
4352818983	Pacing	A speed of a story's action, dialogue, or narration	45
4352818984	Paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	46
4352818985	Parallelism	It refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.	47
4352820239	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	48
4352820240	Pathos	a sympathetic feeling of pity or compassion evoked by an artistic work.	49
4352820241	Person	A grammatical tern that describes the relationship of a writer or speaker to an audience by examining the pronouns that are used.	50
4352820242	Persona	Character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text	51
4352820243	Personification	A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.	52
4352820256	Point of View	the perspective from which a story is told	53
4352821932	Pun	A play on words	54
4352821933	Repetition	The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern	55
4352821934	Rhetoric	this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.	56
4352823374	Rhetorical/Stylistic Devices	specific language tools that an author uses to carry out a rhetorical strategy, and thus achieve a purpose for writing.	57
4352823375	Rhetoric Modes	this flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.	58
4352824858	Rhetorical Question	A question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply	59
4352824859	Rhetorical Strategy	the way an author organizes words, sentences, and overall argument in order to achieve a discussion of how this term fits into a broader picture of rhetoric	60
4352824860	Satire	: A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions and conventions, for reform or ridicule.	61
4352826522	Selection of Detail	The specific words, incidents, images, or events the author uses to create a scene or narrative are referred to as the selection of detail.	62
4352826523	Simile	an explicit comparison, normally using like, as, or if.	63
4352826524	Speaker	the narrator of the story, poem, or drama	64
4352827934	Style	An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices	65
4352827935	Strategy	the way an author organizes words, sentences, and overall argument in order to achieve a particular purpose.	66
4352827936	Syllogism	a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises-the first one called "major" and the second "minor"- that inevitable lead to a sound conclusion.	67
4352828834	Symbol/Symbolism	anything that represents or stands for something else	68
4352830280	Synonym	A word that has the same, or nearly the same meaning as another word	69
4352830281	Syntax	The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences	70
4352830282	Tension	a work of literature, is a feeling of excitement and expectation the reader or the audience feels because of conflict, mood, or atmosphere.	71
4352830283	Texture	Describes the way the elements of a work of prose or poetry are joined together. It suggests an association with the style of the author	72
4352830284	Theme	The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life	73
4352831526	Thesis	a proposition maintained or defended in argument	74
4352831527	Tone	The author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both	75
4352831528	Understatement	The ironic minimalizing of fact;	76
4352831529	Voie	How the speaker of literary work presents him or herself to the reader determines that speaker's unique voice.	77
4352831723	Zeugma	a particular breech of sense in a sentence. It occurs when a word is used with two adjacent words in the same construction, but only makes literal sense with one of them.	78