AP World History Midterm Flashcards

5869336340	What was the most important factor in explaining the Spanish victory over the Aztecs?	The devastating loss of life caused by European-born diseases	0
5869370925	When did the Portuguese begin to show much more interest in Brazil?	After the establishment of profitable sugar plantations	1
5869377446	Who were the chief Spanish royal administrators in the Americas?	The viceroys	2
5869380488	Who was the power of the viceroys checked by?	The audiencias	3
5869388567	What did the Europeans in North America find a profitable commodity to be bartered for?	Fur	4
5869401939	What was not a difference between the Spanish and Portuguese approach to colonization and that of the English and French?	The English and French did not encounter large, centralized, states	5
5869408544	What does the term "meztizo" refer to?	An individual of indigenous and European parentage	6
5869414619	What happened to the conquistadors?	They eventually lost control and were replaced by formal rule by the royal crown	7
5869421719	What did plantations create a high demand for?	Cheap labor	8
5869427738	Who stood at the top of Spanish and Portuguese colonies' social hierarchy?	Peninsulares	9
5869443727	Trade routes connected civilizations together and caused all of the following except what?	Religious freedoms	10
5869446873	Why did nomads travel around the world?	Their food was moving	11
5869450248	A civilization is characterized by all of the following except what?	Trade	12
5869453091	What was the Neolithic Revolution?	An agricultural movement	13
5869475402	The Neolithic Revolution was the knowledge of knowing how to use what?	Metals	14
5869488260	The first Mesopotamian civilization was called...	None of the above	15
5869491369	What were the Assyrians?	Hated	16
5869501467	As civilizations were conquered, what happened to their culture?	It was rarely lost	17
5869509155	What were the Hebrews?	Monotheistic	18
5869511713	The longest trade was the...	None of the above	19
5869516908	What was the Egyptian civilization divided into?	3 kingdoms	20
5869523634	What were people in the Indus Valley?	Polytheistic	21
5869531173	Why do most civilizations fall?	They attract too much attention	22
5869534165	Who were the founders of agriculture?	Women	23
5869537402	What group migrated South/East in Africa?	Bantu	24
5874823457	What civilization became dependent on trade because of building projects?	Egyptians	25
5874828228	What river flooded predictably?	Nile	26
5874830702	When were the first homo sapiens found?	250,000	27
5874833705	What is the best way to describe Iran's geography?	Limited natural resources	28
5874836743	Who were Cyrus and Darius?	Persian rulers	29
5874839618	What was the Persian Empire divided into?	20 provinces	30
5874845337	What was the major religion of the Persians...	None of the above	31
5874848043	What did Greece's geography allow for?	Trade	32
5874851126	When did Greece's dark age end?	Trade with the Mediterranean picked up	33
5874862046	During the Archaic period, what led to Greece's expansion?	Explosion of population growth	34
5874868087	What was called the urban center of Greek life...	None of the above	35
5875191694	When did Greeks develop new ideas?	They sent their people to colonize land	36
5875199004	Who was Herodotus?	The founder of modern history	37
5875203467	What was Persia never successful at?	Defeating the Greeks	38
5875206642	What was Athenian power based on?	Athenian navy	39
5875209982	The Peloponnesian War was a conflict between who?	Athens and Sparta	40
5875218659	What did Macedonia do while Greece was involved in a civil war?	Developed into a huge military power	41
5875224278	Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire was successful because...	None of the above	42
5875227634	Why did the Macedonian Empire not continue?	There was no successor to Alexander	43
5875232671	What was Alexandria?	The greatest city during the Hellenistic Era	44
5875241754	Why was the Persian Empire different than the Greek culture?	It demonstrated flexibility and tolerance	45
5877980452	Who was the leading figure in the expansion of Christianity beyond Judaism?	Paul of Tarsus	46
5877981875	Why was the the period known as Pax Romana important?	It fostered trade and prosperity	47
5877983232	What does the term paterfamilias refer to?	The patriarchal nature of the Roman family	48
5877984893	How do the women of Rome compare to the women in Greece?	Both societies were patriarchal, but Greece women had more rights	49
5877988886	The Romans had a long tradition of written law stretching back to the creation of what?	12 tables	50
5877990460	What can the Romans be described as?	Very religious	51
5877991289	How was the Roman policy towards conquered peoples?	Generous, with the potential for citizenship	52
5877994818	How were the Han and Roman Empires similar?	They both relied on an extensive bureaucracy to run the empire	53
5877997216	What were Romans referring to when they used the words "mare nostrum"?	The prolonged period of peace and stability beginning with the reign of Augustus	54
5877998657	What was the economic wealth of the early Roman state based on?	Farming	55
5878000409	What was the center of political action on the Roman Republic?	The Senate	56
5878001549	What statement is true about Roman women?	They exercised influence over their husbands and sons	57
5878007056	Why were two protracted and bloody wars against the Carthaginians important?	Rome won control of the Western Mediterranean	58
5878017012	How did Romans manage their territories during the Republic?	By establishing a provincial administration and sending a Roman senator to oversee matters	59
5879290872	What factor caused a decrease in small farms in the late Roman Republic?	The growth of latifundia and a shift to non staple crops	60
5879309059	What was the main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic?	The power of military leaders with armies loyal to them, not the state	61
5879317276	How is the career of Paul an example of the "cosmopolitan" nature of the Roman Empire?	He was able to use the benefits of Roman citizenship to spread Christianity	62
5879319443	Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?	Christians couldn't worship the emperor as a deity	63
5879321639	What became the new capital of the Roman Empire in 324 CE?	Constantinople	64
5879323128	What term came to refer to the eastern half of the Roman Empire?	Byzantine	65
5879324889	Where did Muhammad and his followers flee from?	Mecca to Medina	66
5879326188	What was not a main task of Abu Bakr?	Convert more muslims	67
5879327696	What is the difference between the Sunni's and the Shi'ites?	Question over leadership	68
5879330804	What was the expansion of the Muslim Empire or Caliphate?	Structure of Arab societies	69
5879334672	What kind of empire did the Umayyad rule?	An Arab, not a Muslim empire	70
5879338319	What did the abbasids do?	Translated Greek literature	71
5879339452	Why did the Abbasid empire fall?	It was too difficult to maintain control	72
5879358091	What could Muslim women do?	Own property	73
5879364111	In which country was the Ulama most present in under the Umayyad?	Spain	74
5879371088	What was the Arab Empire prior to the 7th century CE?	Polytheistic	75
5879384448	Why is Mecca an important city?	It is a caravan city was pilgrimage sight of the ka'ba	76
5879388181	What does Islam mean?	Surrender to the will of God	77
5879390333	What beliefs were Muhammad's teachings built upon?	Judaism and Christianity	78
5879393611	What is the unified community that occupied Islam called?	The Umma	79
5879394723	What did the Muslim community do after Muhammad's death?	Chose a caliph, Abu Bakr	80
5879396846	What was Muslim religious practice based on?	The quran	81
5879399372	Why is the martyrdom of Husayn a significant event in Muslim history?	It marks the beginning of the sect of Shi'ism	82
5879512043	What did women in medieval Europe do?	Labored in the fields with men	83
5879514468	What did population growth cause?	A decline in the average crop yield	84
5879516473	What happened as a result of the Black Death?	Labor became more expensive	85
5879518893	How did European cities differ from Chinese cities?	They offered their citizens more freedom	86
5879521563	What did the growth of commerce give rise to?	Money lenders	87
5879522561	What did the Renaissance refer to?	Rebirth of the classics	88
5879524088	Why did monarchs and nobles enter into marriage?	To form alliances and gain land	89
5879528249	The new monarchies that emerged after the Hundred Years War displayed all of the following except what?	Boundaries weakened	90
5879530602	What was Marco Polo's goal?	To travel to the Monaco capital	91
5879534520	What is not true about trading cities in Europe during the middle ages?	They were unable to produce products to compete with Asian products	92
5879538850	Which of the following is true about merchant banking in the 15th century?	Checking accounts, shareholding companies, money changing, loans, and investments were offered as services	93
5879542584	What "architectural wonder" first made its appearance in France on or about the year 1140 CE?	Gothic cathedrals	94
5879547124	Where did the Renaissance begin?	Northern Italy	95
5879549506	What language were universities of the Latin West taught in?	Latin	96
5879553318	What changes transformed later medieval military technology?	Firearms and crossbows with metal tipped arrows	97
5879568766	What did Joan of Arc do?	Led the French to victory in a decisive battle during the Hundred Years War	98
5879573567	What did the great Western Schism originate over?	The nationality of the pope	99
5879576166	What did the English parliament do by 1500?	It had become a part of the English government	100
5880731727	What was the most important crop introduced to China during the Song and Tang periods?	Fast ripening rice	101
5880737289	What kind of role did Vietnamese women play in comparison to Chinese women?	They played a more prominent role in society and the economy	102
5880775505	What was the Song dynasty substantially weakened by?	The decision to allow bureaucrats to lead an army	103
5880778754	What is foot binding the best example of?	The increasing patriarchal nature of Chinese society	104
5880785838	The Silla dynasty in Korea copied China in many ways except what?	Establishing a bureaucracy based on merit	105
5880790168	How can the Tang dynasty and Tibet's relationship be characterized as?	Friendly that gave way to military rivalry	106
5880793104	Why did the Tang dynasty end?	Its territory expanded and faced internal rebellions	107
5880796435	How can the Song dynasty best be described as?	Many technological inventions that include math, astronomy, and calendar making	108
5880801553	What did Korean culture absorb and pass on to Japan?	Buddhism	109
5880804582	What did the Japanese adapt?	Adapted Tang culture but kept their own concept of emperorship	110
5880810870	Where did Khublai Khan's military and imperial pursuits have little success?	Vietnam, Cambodia, Burma, and Japan	111
5880814076	What became much less risky during Mongol domination?	Long-distance trade	112
5880817589	What did not act as a limitation on the development of Central Asian societies?	A lack of trading opportunities	113
5880830457	What was Mahmud of Ghazni's incursion into India in the eleventh century inspired by?	His desire for plunder	114
5880836172	The mongols brought about greater integration among Eurasian peoples by all of the following except what?	A common state religion	115
5880841765	What religion did IlKhan Ghazan convert to in 1295 causing it to become the favored religion in Persia?	Islam	116
5880846814	What did the Mongols forbade the Chinese from doing during their time as rulers of China?	Learning the Mongol language	117
5880849564	What was nomadic people's military might based on?	Their cavalry forces	118
5880853796	What did the invasions of the nomadic Turkish and Mongol tribes between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries lead to?	The rise of a centralized imperial state that ran from China to Persia	119
5880860255	What one of the most prized commercial products of Eurasia did the Ming produce?	Porcelain	120
5880861774	What area was not under Mongol domination?	Japan	121
5880865555	What was the relationship between the leading family in Korea, the Koryo family, and the Mongols?	The Koryo family became attached and loyal to the Mongols	122
5880873403	What did the rise of literacy in Korea result from?	The combination of an improved printing system and the han'gul writing system	123
5880877398	What prevented the Mongols from invading Japan?	A storm prevented them from establishing a base	124
5880879909	How did the threat of Mongol invasion affect Japan?	The Japanese military government spent a lot of time building coastal defense, hoping to consolidate the warrior class	125
5880886659	What does kamikaze mean?	Wind of the gods	126
5903418350	Why was the Byzantine Corpus Juris Civilis important in the late eleventh century?	It became the basis for civil law in the West	127
5903425194	What is a cultural achievement of the Byzantines?	The spread of Christianity among the slavs	128
5903433908	What did not occur in Western Europe after the decline of Roman Authority?	The city of Rome lost its prominence as the state of the Roman Church	129
5903444769	What was the predominant language of the church in the West?	Latin	130
5903455641	What were agricultural workers who belonged to the manor and were obligated to the lord called?	Serfs	131
5903458639	Which area did not endure Viking raids?	Constantinople	132
5903464578	As time went on what happened to armored knighthood?	It was limited to those with revenue from land	133
5903466881	What was a fief?	A grant of land exchanged for military service	134
5903483368	Why did Vladimir 1 choose Orthodox Christianity over Islam?	He knew that Islam forbade alcohol consumption	135
5903490370	What did power derive from in kievan Russia?	Trade	136
5903492983	What is not true about the crusades?	The crusaders failed to capture Jerusalem	137
5903501192	As a result of the crusades, Europeans were exposed to all of the following except what?	New land cultivation techniques	138
5903515486	What do historians use the term caesaropapism to refer to?	The system in which the emperor had a mixture of political and religious power	139
5903523978	Who did Constantinople fall to in 1453?	Combined armies of the English, French, and Germans	140
5903534032	What was Justinian's most important and long-lasting contribution?	His codification of Roman law	141
5903556098	What was the most important political feature of the Byzantine state?	Its tightly centralized rule under a powerful emperor	142
5903568225	What describes education in Byzantium?	Basic literacy was widespread in Byzantine society	143
5903588712	Two sixth century Christian monks undertook an elaborate smuggling operation across the Silk Road in order to do what?	Provide Byzantium with the knowledge to produce silk	144
5903600569	What did Russians begin to think of Moscow as by the sixteenth century?	The third Rome	145
5903612517	What city that was influenced greatly by Constantinople was most important in the early rise of Russia?	Kiev	146
5903619980	What was Byzantium's major advantage?	Its strategic position on the Bosporus	147
5903632768	A direct challenge to the Byzantine emperor arose in the year 800 when the pope gave an imperial crown to what Frankish king?	Charlemagne	148
5903642614	What was the schism of 1054 between the Eastern and Western Churches disagreements over?	The jurisdiction of the Western papacy	149
5903649325	After the seventeenth century, what happened to Byzantine women?	They were increasingly confined to home life	150