Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 4734432092 | Atom | Basic unit of matter |  | 0 |
| 4734432093 | Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |  | 1 |
| 4734432313 | Covalent Bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |  | 2 |
| 4734432753 | Electron | A subatomic particle that has a negative charge | | 3 |
| 4734432754 | Element | A pure substance made of only one kind of atom | 4 | |
| 4734432989 | Ion | A charged atom |  | 5 |
| 4734432990 | Ionic Bond | Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |  | 6 |
| 4734433216 | Isotope | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |  | 7 |
| 4734433217 | Molecule | A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. | 8 | |
| 4734433218 | Neutron | A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom | | 9 |
| 4734433443 | Nucleus | A region that is located at the center of an atom and contains most of the atom's mass (protons and neutrons) |  | 10 |
| 4734433444 | Proton | A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom | | 11 |
| 4734433618 | Activation Energy | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction | 12 | |
| 4734433619 | Active Site | The part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occurs. |  | 13 |
| 4734433620 | Catalyst | A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction. | 14 | |
| 4734433991 | Chemical Reaction | the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances | 15 | |
| 4734433992 | Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |  | 16 |
| 4734434457 | Product | A substance produced in a chemical reaction | 17 | |
| 4734434458 | Reactant | A substance present at the start of a reaction | 18 | |
| 4734434961 | Substrate | The reactant on which an enzyme works. | | 19 |
| 4734434962 | Acid | A substance that can donate a proton to another substance and has pH below 7 | 20 | |
| 4734434963 | Base | A substance that can accept a proton from another substance and has a pH above 7 | 21 | |
| 4734434964 | Buffer | A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution. | 22 | |
| 4734435245 | Hydrogen Bond | Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom. |  | 23 |
| 4734435246 | Mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |  | 24 |
| 4734435247 | pH | percent Hydrogen |  | 25 |
| 4734435509 | Adhesion | Attraction between molecules of different substances |  | 26 |
| 4734435510 | Cohesion | Attraction between molecules of the same substance | | 27 |
| 4734435511 | Polar Molecules | Molecule where end is positive, and one is negative. |  | 28 |
| 4734435838 | Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution. | 29 | |
| 4734435839 | Solution | A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another. | 30 | |
| 4734435840 | Solvent | A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances | 31 | |
| 4734436213 | Amino Acid | Building blocks of protein | 32 | |
| 4734436214 | Carbohydrate | Class of nutrients that includes sugars and starches | 33 | |
| 4734436215 | Lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. | 34 | |
| 4734436391 | Macromolecule | A type of giant molecule formed by joining smaller molecules which includes proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids. | 35 | |
| 4734436392 | Nucleic Acid | Biological macromolecule that stores genetic information | 36 | |
| 4734436393 | Protein | A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids. | 37 | |
| 4734436765 | Polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. | 38 | |
| 4734440101 | Monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers | 39 | |
| 4734440102 | Monosaccharide | A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate | 40 | |
| 4734440284 | Polysaccharide | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides, formed by dehydration synthesis. | 41 | |
| 4734440285 | Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |  | 42 |
| 4734440471 | DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, stores genetic information, double helix shaped |  | 43 |
| 4741611640 | RNA | Ribonucleic Acid, a type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genome of some viruses. | 44 |