AP World History, Chapter 21 Flashcards

6140182844	Ivan III (also Ivan the Great)	Prince of Duchy of Moscow; claimed descent from Rurik; responsible for freeing Russia from Mongols after 1462; took title of tsar or Ceasar - equivalent of emperor	0
6140196308	Ivan IV (also Ivan the Terrible)	confirmed power of tsarist autocracy by attacking authority of boyars (aristocrats); continued policy of Russian expansion; established contacts with western European commerce and culture	1
6140221715	Cossacks	peasants recruited to migrate to newly seized lands in Russia, particularly in south; combined agriculture with military conquests; spurred additional frontier conquests and settlements	2
6140232074	Time of Troubles	followed death of Russian tsar Ivan IV without heir early in 17th century; boyars attempted to use vacuum of power to reestablish their authority; ended with selection of Michael Romanov as tsar in 1613	3
6140240556	Romanov dynasty	dynasty elected in 1613 at end of Time of Troubles; ruled Russia until 1917	4
6140246743	Alexis Romanov	Russian heir to the throne at the time of the Russian revolution and the youngest member of the royal family at the time of their execution	5
6140255224	Old Believers	Russians who refused to accept the ecclesiastical reforms of Alexis Romanov (17th century); many exiled to Siberia or southern Russia, where they became part of Russian colonization	6
6140264564	Peter I (also Peter the Great)	son of Alexis Romanov; ruled from 1689 to 1725; continued growth of absolutism and conquest; included more definite interest in changing selected aspects of economy and culture through imitation of western European models	7
6140277353	Catherine the Great	German born Russian tsarina in the 18th century; ruled after assassination of her husband; gave appearance of enlightened rule; accepted Western cultural influence; maintained nobility as service aristocracy by granting them new power over peasantry	8
6140294797	Pugachev rebellion	during 1770s in reign of Catherine the Great; led by Cossack Emelian Pugachev who claimed to be legitimate tsar; eventually crashed; typical of peasant unrest during the 18th century and thereafter	9
6140311622	partition of Poland	division of Polish territory among Russia, Prussia and Austria in 1772, 1793 and 1795; eliminated Poland as independent state; part of expansion of Russian influence in eastern Europe	10