AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards

7105764989	Anaphora	A rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences.	0
7105764990	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	1
7105764991	Antithesis	Direct opposite	2
7105764992	Rhetoric	From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.	3
7105764993	Ad Hominem Argument	Attacks the opposing speaker or another person rather than addressing the issues at hand	4
7105764994	Allegory	A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	5
7105764995	Allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	6
7105764996	Anecdote	A brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event.	7
7105764997	Euphemism	A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing	8
7105764998	Colloquial Language	Slang or common language that is informal	9
7105764999	Diction	An author's choice of words	10
7105765000	Ethos	Appeal to values, credibility	11
7105765001	Pathos	Appeal to emotion	12
7105765002	Logos	Appeal to logic and reasoning	13
7105765003	Exposition	Writing or speech that is organized to explain	14
7105765004	Foreshadowing	A hint of things to come	15
7105765005	Hyperbole	An exaggeration	16
7105765006	Juxtaposition	When two contrasting things are placed next to each other for comparison	17
7105765007	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	18
7105765008	Oxymoron	Two contradictory words in one expression	19
7105765009	Parallelism	A literary technique that relies on the use of the same syntactical structures	20
7105765010	Paradox	A seeming contradiction that in fact reveals some truth	21
7105765011	Persona	The character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text	22
7105765012	Repetition	The reiteration of a word or phrase for emphasis	23
7105765013	Aristotelian Triangle	Also known as the Rhetorical Triangle. Includes subject, speaker, and audience.	24
7105765014	Rhetorical Devices	The specific language tools that an author uses to carry out a rhetorical strategy (diction, imagery, or syntax).	25
7105765015	Rhetorical Strategy	The way an author organizes words, sentences, and overall argument in order to achieve a particular purpose	26
7105765016	Rhetorical Question	A question that is asked for the sake of argument	27
7105765017	Satire	To ridicule or mock ideas, persons, events, or doctrines	28
7105765018	Syntax	Arrangement of words in a sentence.	29
7105765019	Theme	Central idea; not limited to one text (should be universal).	30
7105765020	Tone	Author/speaker's attitude	31
7105765021	Understatement	When an author assigns less significance to an event or thing than it deserves	32
7105765022	Personification	The assigning of human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts. An example: Wordsworth's "the sea that bares her bosom to the moon."	33
7105765023	Antithesis	the presentation of two contrasting images. The ideas are balanced by phrase, clause, or paragraphs. "To be or not to be . . ." "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times . . ." "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country . . ."	34
7105765024	Oxymoron	From the Greek for "pointedly foolish," ___ is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms. Simple examples include "jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness."	35
7105765025	Sarcasm	from the Greek meaning "to tear flesh," ___ involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device.	36
7105765026	Synecdoche	. a figure of speech that utilizes a part as representative of the whole. "All hands on deck" is an example.	37
7105765027	Hyperbole	a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement	38
7105765028	Anaphora	repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent.	39
7105765029	Euphony	the pleasant, mellifluous presentation of sounds in a literary work.	40
7105765030	Metonomy	a term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name" __ is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. For example: a news release that claims "The White House declared" rather than "The President declared"	41
7105765031	Paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	42
7105765032	Onomatopoeia	a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum.	43
7105765033	Cacophony	harsh and discordant sounds in a line or passage in a literary word.	44
7105765034	Metaphor	a direct comparison between dissimilar things. "Your eyes are stars" is an example.	45
7105765035	Symbol	generally, anything that represents, stands for, something else. Usually, a ___ is something concrete—such as an object, action, character, or scene—that represents something more abstract.	46
7105765036	Invective	an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	47
7105765037	Understatement	the opposite of exaggeration. It is a technique for developing irony and/or humor where one writes or says less than intended.	48
7105765038	Homily	This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	49
7105765039	Pedantic	An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.	50
7105765040	Imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, __ uses terms related to the five senses; we refer to visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, or olfactory. For example, a rose may present visual __ while also representing the color in a woman's cheeks.	51
7105765041	Euphemism	a more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable. "He went to his final reward" is a common __ for "he died." They are also used to obscure the reality of the situation.	52
7105765042	Figure of Speech	A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Examples are apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonomy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement.	53
7105765043	Irony	The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The difference between what appears to be and what actually is true.	54
7105765044	Satire	A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and convention for reform or ridicule. Regardless of whether or not the work aims to reform humans or their society, ___ is best seen as a style of writing rather than a purpose for writing. The effect of __, often humorous, is thought provoking and insightful about the human condition.	55
7105765045	Alliteration	The repetition of initial consonant sounds, such as "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."	56
7105765046	Epigraph	The use of a quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at its theme. Hemingway begins The Sun Also Rises with two. One of them is "You are all a lost generation" by Gertrude Stein.	57
7105765047	Periodic Sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety.	58
7105765048	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	59
7105765049	Ethos	an appeal based on the character of the speaker. An __-driven document relies on the reputation of the author.	60
7105765050	Situational Irony	a type of irony in which events turn out the opposite of what was expected.	61
7105765051	Consonance	Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.	62
7105765052	Pathos	an appeal based on emotion.	63
7105765053	Logos	an appeal based on logic or reason	64
7105765054	Verbal Irony	In this type of irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning	65
7105765055	Anecdote	A story or brief episode told by the writer or a character to illustrate a point.	66
7105765056	Abstract Language	Language describing ideas and qualities rather than observable or specific things, people, or places.	67
7105765057	Denotation	the literal or dictionary meaning of a word	68
7105765058	Cumulative	Sentence which begins with the main idea and then expands on that idea with a series of details or other particulars	69
7105765059	Dramatic Irony	In this type of irony, facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or a piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work	70
7105765060	Parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	71
7105765061	Connotation	the interpretive level or a word based on its associated images rather than its literal meaning.	72
7105765062	Repetition	The duplication, either exact or approximate, or any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	73
7105765063	Syntax	The grammatical structure of prose and poetry.	74
7105765064	Assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	75
7105765065	Argument	A single assertion or a series of assertions presented and defended by the writer	76
7105765066	Allusion	A reference contained in a work	77
7105765067	Parallelism	refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.	78
7105765068	Analogy	a literary device employed to serve as a basis for comparison. It is assumed that what applies to the parallel situation also applies to the original circumstance. In other words, it is the comparison between two different items.	79
7105765069	Figurative Language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.	80
7105765070	Description	The purpose of this rhetorical mode is to re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that being described. Sometimes an author engages all five senses.	81
7105765071	Ethical Appeal	When a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him or her based on a presentation of image of self through the text.	82
7105765072	Exposition	The purpose of this rhetorical mode is to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion.	83
7105765073	Ellipsis	Indicated by a series of three periods, the __ indicates that some material has been omitted from a given text.	84
7105765074	Argumentation	The purpose of this rhetorical mode is to prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument that thoroughly convince the reader.	85
7105765075	Didactic	writing whose purpose is to instruct or to teach. A ___ work is usually formal and focuses on moral or ethical concerns.	86
7105765076	Narration	The purpose of this type of rhetorical mode is to tell the story or narrate an event or series of events.	87
7105765077	Colloquial	the use of slang in writing, often to create local color and to provide an informal tone. Huckleberry Finn in written in a __ style.	88
7105765078	Antecedent	the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers.	89
7105765079	Style	an evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices.	90
7105765080	Thesis	The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition.	91
7105765081	Chiasmus	Arrangement of repeated thoughts in the pattern of X Y Y X. It is often short and summarizes a main idea.	92
7105765082	Balance	a situation in which all parts of the presentation are equal, whether in sentences or paragraphs or sections of a longer work.	93
7105765083	Tone	Similar to mood, __ describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both.	94
7105765084	Dialect	the recreation of regional spoken language, such as a Southern one. Hurston uses this in Their Eyes Were Watching God.	95
7105765085	Asyndeton	Commas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words. The parts are emphasized equally when the conjunction is omitted; in addition, the use of commas with no intervening conjunction speeds up the flow of the sentence. X, Y, Z as opposed to X, Y, and Z.	96
7105765086	Wit	In modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Usually uses terse language that makes a pointed statement.	97
7105765087	Mood	This term has two distinct technical meanings in English writing. The first meaning is grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude. The second meaning is literary, meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.	98
7105765088	Diction	the author's choice of words that creates tone, attitude, and style, as well as meaning	99
7105765089	Polysyndeton	Deliberate use of many conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted. Hemingway and the Bible both use extensively. Ex. "he ran and jumped and laughed for joy"	100
7105765090	Tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	101
7105765091	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	102