AP World History : The Industrial Revolution (Spodek) Flashcards

From lcapelle

3891185981	Industrial Revolution	the time period when power-driven machinery was developed	0
3891185982	enclosure movement	the combining of many small farms by wealthy land owners in Britain; inspired by demand for sheep's wool for textile factories	1
3891185983	factors of production	the essential elements that a nation needs for economic success: land, labor, capital, and entrepeneurship	2
3891185984	cottage industry	a craft occupation performed at home	3
3891185985	factory	a building that housed machine-driven industry	4
3891185986	industrialization	the process of changing to power-driven machinery	5
3891185987	Jethro Tull	gentleman farmer who invented the seed drill for planting grain	6
3891185988	Richard Arkwright	inventor of the spinning frame, which spun stronger, thinner thread	7
3891185989	James Watt	British inventor who made steam engines faster and more efficient	8
3891185990	Robert Fulton	developed and operated the steamship "Clermont" on the Hudson River	9
3891185991	labor union	organizations representing workers' interests	10
3891185992	strike	work stoppages	11
3891185993	mass production	the system of manufacturing large numbers of identical items	12
3891185994	interchangeable parts	identical machine-made parts	13
3891185995	assembly line	system in which workers stay in one place, adding parts as items go by	14
3891185996	laissez-faire	the idea that governments should not interfere in business	15
3891185997	Adam Smith	the leading advocate of laissez-faire economics	16
3891185998	Thomas Malthus	thinker whose beliefs about poverty were used to justify low wages	17
3891185999	entrepreneur	someone who starts a business	18
3891186000	Andrew Carnegie	industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry	19
3891186001	socialism	the theory that society, not individuals, should own all property and industry	20
3891186002	Karl Marx	German thinker who put forth a radical view of socialism	21
3891186003	communism	a system in which the government controls the economy	22
3891186004	standard of living	level of material comfort experienced by a group of people	23
3891186005	Communist Manifesto	a small book written by Karl Marx and Frederich Engles calling for revolution by the proletariat	24
3891186006	"Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Workingmen of all countries unite!" WHAT is the source of this quotation?	"The Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx and Frederich Engles	25
3891186007	proletariat	the working class	26
3891186008	bourgeoise	class that owns and directs means of production; for example, factory owners	27
3891186009	tariff	tax on goods imported	28
3891186010	indentured labor	labor done under a signed contract or indenture; the worker is bound to work for a specific period of time in exchange for transportation and up-keep (food, clothes, shelter)	29
3891186011	handicraft	an item produced by hand rather than by machines	30
3891186012	Corn Laws	raised tariff on grain: this increased the cost of food and hurt the poor, Repealed in 1846	31
3891186013	Emmeline Pankhurst	founder of Women's Social and Political Union in 1903; sought rights and voting privileges for women in Britain	32
3891186014	domesticity	the ideal that women should stay at home and raise children, keeping home as comfortable as possible	33
3891186015	white collar jobs	professional and clerical work: office work	34
3891186016	finance capital	capital (money) needed to create new industry	35
3891186017	iron law of wages	the idea that as incomes increase people will have more children	36