AP English Language and Composition Flashcards

7218385589	allegory (n)	a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.	0
7218385590	Alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.	1
7218385591	Allusion	indirect reference	2
7218385592	Ambiguity	uncertainty or inexactness of meaning in language	3
7218385593	analogy (n)	words that draw comparisons and similarities	4
7218385594	Antecedent	is a literary device in which a word or pronoun in a line or sentence refers to an earlier word, for instance, "while giving treats to children or friends offer them whatever they like."	5
7218385595	Antithesis	opposite	6
7218385596	Aphorism (n)	a statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner	7
7218385597	Apostrophe	is a term used when a speaker directly addresses someone or something that isn't present in the poem.	8
7218385598	Atmosphere	A mood can serve as a vehicle for establishing atmosphere. In literary works, atmosphere refers to emotions or feelings an author conveys to his readers through description of objects and settings, such as J. K. Rowling in Harry Potter tales, spins a whimsical and enthralling atmosphere.	9
7218385599	Caricature	an exaggerated portrayal of one's features	10
7218385600	Clause	is a group of related words containing a subject that tells readers what the sentence is about, and a verb that tells readers what the subject is doing. A clause comes in four types; independent, dependent, relative or noun clause.	11
7218385601	Colloquial/Colloquialism	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.	12
7218385602	Conceits	is a kind of metaphor that compares two very unlike things in a surprising and clever way.	13
7218385603	Connotation (n)	refers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly.	14
7218385604	Denotation	The dictionary definition of a word	15
7218385605	diction (n)	word choice; terminology; enunciation	16
7218385606	didactic literature	literature meant to instruct, give advice, or convey a philosophical or moral lesson	17
7218385607	Euphemism (n)	substitution of a "good" expression for an unpleasant one	18
7218385608	extended metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.	19
7218385609	figurative language	writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally	20
7218385610	figure of speech	An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning.	21
7218385611	generic conventions	Traditions for each genre.	22
7218385612	Genres	major categories of media content	23
7218385613	homily (n.)	is a sermon or speech that a religious person or priest delivers before a group of people to offer them moral correction.	24
7218385614	Hyperbole	exaggeration	25
7218385615	Imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	26
7218385616	Inference	A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning	27
7218385617	Invective (n)	denotes speech or writing that attacks, insults, or denounces a person, topic, or institution	28
7218385618	Irony/ironic	the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant	29
7218385619	Litotes	A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite	30
7218385620	Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence	A loose sentence, also called a cumulative sentence, begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause.	31
7218385621	Metaphor	A comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared.	32
7218385622	Metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant	33
7218385623	Mood	The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work . Setting, tone, and events can affect the mood.	34
7218385624	Narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events	35
7218385625	onomatopoeia	the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g., cuckoo, sizzle ).	36
7218385626	Oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	37
7218385627	Paradox	a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.	38
7218385628	Parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	39
7218385629	Anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	40
7218385630	Parody	is an imitation of a particular writer, artist or a genre, exaggerating it deliberately to produce a comic effect. ..	41
7218385631	pedantic	pompous; self-important; making a show of knowledge	42
7218385632	periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.	43
7218385633	Personification	a kind of metaphor that gives inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics	44
7218385634	point of view	The perspective from which a story is told	45
7218385635	Prose	is a form of language that has no formal metrical structure. It applies a natural flow of speech, and ordinary grammatical structure rather than rhythmic structure, such as in the case of traditional poetry.	46
7218385636	Repetition	the action of repeating something that has already been said or written.	47
7218385637	Rhetoric (n)	the art of using language effectively and persuasively	48
7218385638	rhetorical modes	exposition, description, narration, argumentation	49
7218385639	Sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt.	50
7218385640	Satire	using humor to expose something or someone to ridicule	51
7218385641	Semantics	relating to meaning in language or logic.	52
7218385642	Style	is the literary element that describes the ways that the author uses words — the author's word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, and sentence arrangement all work together to establish mood, images, and meaning in the text.	53
7218385643	subject complement	A word or word group in the predicate that identifies or describes the subject	54
7218385644	subordinate clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.	55
7218385645	Syllogism	a form of deductive reasoning with a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion	56
7218385646	Symbol/ symbolism	Symbolism is the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense.	57
7218385647	Synecdoche	Synecdoche is a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part.	58
7218385648	Synesthesia	refers to a technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell etc. at a given time.	59
7218385649	Syntax	Sentence structure	60
7218385650	Theme	The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life.	61
7218385651	Thesis	a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.	62
7218385652	Tone	Tone, in written composition, is an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience.	63
7218385653	Transition	a word or phrase that links different ideas	64
7218385654	Understatement	The ironic minimizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is.	65
7218385655	Wit	In modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. A witty statement is humorous, while suggesting the speakers verbal power in creating ingenious and perceptive remarks.	66