AP World History Periodization (OSBORN) Flashcards
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| 6791982138 | The Russian and Ottoman Empires collapse | 1900-Present | 0 | |
| 6791982139 | Persian empires create highly centralized empires with the king as a deity | 600 BCE-600 CE | 1 | |
| 6791982140 | European Christianity forms syncretic religious beliefs with indigenous Latin American (OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE) and Caribbean faiths (VODUN). | 1450-1750 | 2 | |
| 6791982141 | The Russian Empire emancipates serfs in order to create a new labor force. | 1750-1900 | 3 | |
| 6791982142 | VEDIC TRADITIONS were codified into patterns of rituals and sacrifices in South Asia | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 4 | |
| 6791982143 | The Chinese invade Vietnam, discover quick ripening CHAMPA RICE, and experience a population increase. | 600-1450 | 5 | |
| 6791982144 | HAITIAN REVOLUTION: A slave revolt in the Caribbean creates a free black republic. | 1750-1900 | 6 | |
| 6791982145 | COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE: An exchange of crops, culture, animals, and disease pathogens begins between Afro- Eurasia and the Americas. | 1450-1750 | 7 | |
| 6791982146 | Invasions add to the decline of empires in South Asia (WHITE HUNS), East Asia (XIONGNU), and Europe (GERMANIC TRIBES). | 600 BCE-600 CE | 8 | |
| 6791982147 | South Asia is partitioned into two states (INDIA & PAKISTAN) because of irreconcilable religious differences. | 1900-Present | 9 | |
| 6791982148 | OLMECS and CHAVIN civilizations thrive. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 10 | |
| 6791982149 | Portugal creates a TRADING POST empire in the India Ocean. | 1450-1750 | 11 | |
| 6791982150 | Islamic Caliphates (UMAYYAD, ABBASID) first rise. | 600-1450 | 12 | |
| 6791982151 | A substantial number of Asians MIGRATE to the Americas for agricultural labor. | 1750-1900 | 13 | |
| 6791982152 | Using their longboats, the VIKINGS raid western Europeans who develop local institutions for security (FEUDALISM). | 600-1450 | 14 | |
| 6791982153 | HELLENISM spreads to Central Asia and forms syncretic cultures there. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 15 | |
| 6791982155 | New racial classifications (CASTA SYSTEM), such as mestizo, mulatto, and creole, emerge in colonial Latin America. | 1450-1750 | 16 | |
| 6791982156 | The TANZIMAT REFORM in the Ottoman Empire provokes conservatives by its attempt to secularize education and define society as a collection of individuals equal before the law. | 1750-1900 | 17 | |
| 6791982157 | Human population increases due to medical and scientific advances such as ANTIBIOTICS and polio VACCINE. | 1900-Present | 18 | |
| 6791982158 | HINDUISM: Migrations into South Asia spread religious ideas and rituals associated with Vedic poetry and song. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 19 | |
| 6791982159 | The Spanish, Dutch, French, and British establish MARITIME-BASED EMPIRES in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. | 1450-1750 | 20 | |
| 6791982160 | Migration leads to cultural enclaves in major urban areas (CHINATOWN). They often experience legal discrimination (CHINESE EXCULSION ACT). | 1750-1900 | 21 | |
| 6791982161 | MONGOLS: Central Asian nomads create the largest contiguous empire in history. Silk Road is revived. | 600-1450 | 22 | |
| 6791982162 | Women's suffrage movements are successful in Europe and North America (19TH AMENDMENT). | 1900-Present | 23 | |
| 6791982163 | Zoroastrianism, Vedic beliefs, and Hebrew Monotheism form. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 24 | |
| 6791982164 | NEW IMPERIALISM: A second wave of imperialism pushes Europeans to colonize the continent of Africa and to protect power in much of Asia. | 1750-1900 | 25 | |
| 6791982165 | AGE OF EXPLORATION: Networks of communication and exchange become truely global. | 1450-1750 | 26 | |
| 6791982166 | The most rapid and numerous independence movements in history occurs, some through armed conflict (ALGERIA), others through negotiations (INDIA). | 1900-Present | 27 | |
| 6791982167 | The Cities of Persepolis, Carthage, Rome, and Chang'an serve as major CENTERS OF TRADE & IMPERIAL ADMINISTRATION. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 28 | |
| 6791982168 | Pastorialism and agriculture emerge and increase human populations. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 29 | |
| 6791982169 | RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS: Groups such as the GHOST DANCE in North America and the TAIPING REBELLION in East Asia challenge imperial rule. | 1750-1900 | 30 | |
| 6791982170 | SONG DYNASTY: the yoke of patriarchy becomes more intense in China (FOOT-BINDING). | 600-1450 | 31 | |
| 6791982171 | Religious fundamentalism forms in the Middle East (IRAN) as reactions to, respectively, new scientific theories and political frustrations. | 1900-Present | 32 | |
| 6791982172 | In several major civilizations, there are changes in the power of elites who serve as intermediaries between the ruler and the ruled (i.e, DEVSHIRME, DAIMYO). | 1450-1750 | 33 | |
| 6791982173 | CONFUCIANISM is adopted as the official state ideology for entry into China's bureaucracy. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 34 | |
| 6791982174 | Experiments in state managed economies take place in China (MAO & GREAT LEAP FORWARD) and Russia (STALIN & 5-YEAR PLANS). | 1900-Present | 35 | |
| 6791982175 | Rather than a unified Dar al Islam, Muslim civilization is characterized by several empires strengthened by their use of firearms. | 1450-1750 | 36 | |
| 6791982176 | Major trade cities include Novgorod (Russia), Timbuktu (Mali), Malacca (SE Asia), and Kilwa (East Africa). | 600-1450 | 37 | |
| 6791982177 | ECONOMIC IMPERIALISM: Banana Republics, whose economies focused on a single export, formed in Latin America. | 1750-1900 | 38 | |
| 6791982178 | Eurasian land trade routes (SILK ROADS) continue but are surpassed in volume by maritime routes in the INDIAN OCEAN. | 600-1450 | 39 | |
| 6791982179 | Slavery is replaced by indentured servitude as the primary source of agricultural labor in he Americas. | 1750-1900 | 40 | |
| 6791982180 | Production of pottery, textiles and metallurgy skills first appear. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 41 | |
| 6791982181 | European merchants in Southeast Asia must depend upon Asian women to gain access to trades. | 1450-1750 | 42 | |
| 6791982182 | BUDDHISM spreads into Central and Southeast Asia due to government edicts, missionaries and relics. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 43 | |
| 6791982183 | Pro-democracy movements are successful in Eastern Europe (POLAND, HUNGARY) but crushed in East Asia (CHINA). | 1900-Present | 44 | |
| 6791982184 | GRAND CANAL, a major state funded project to stimulate the economy, is created by the SUI DYNASTY in China. | 600-1450 | 45 | |
| 6791982185 | The development of systems of writing lead to literary traditions, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh, Rig Veda and Homer's Epics. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 46 | |
| 6791982186 | TANG DYNASTY: paper technology spreads from the Chinese to the ABASSID CALIPHATE. | 600-1450 | 47 | |
| 6791982187 | After being humiliated by the British, China experiences the massive TAIPING REBELLION against the rule of foreign Manchus. | 1750-1900 | 48 | |
| 6791982188 | Global power structure is characterized by a bi-polar struggle between opposing economic ideologies (CAPITALISM & COMMUNISM). | 1900-Present | 49 | |
| 6791982189 | After Muhammad's visions, ISLAM unifies Arab people and creates a durable monotheistic civilization. | 600-1450 | 50 | |
| 6791982190 | An influx of American silver funds monumental architecture in MUGHAL INDIA, such as the TAJ MAHAL. | 1450-1750 | 51 | |
| 6791982191 | CRUSADES: Arabic numerals and Greek scholarship pass to Europe after Christian military campaigns to take Jerusalem from Muslims. | 600-1450 | 52 | |
| 6791982192 | NATIONALISM: National identities form out of common cultural, ethnic, linguistic, or religious traits. | 1750-1900 | 53 | |
| 6791982193 | Civilizations emerge mainly in river valleys (MESOPOTAMIA, EGYPT, INDUS VALLEY, SHANG DYNASTY, OLMECS, CHAVIN). | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 54 | |
| 6791982194 | On Lake Texcoco, the AZTECS build a decentralized state based on the collection of tribute and an agricultural system situated on raised islands called CHINAMPAS. | 600-1450 | 55 | |
| 6791982195 | China experiences a population surge due to the transplanting of American crops and the global flow of American SILVER. | 1450-1750 | 56 | |
| 6791982196 | Invasions, disease (BLACK DEATH), and the beginning of the "Little Ice Age" decimate Eurasian urban centers, which later recover after improvements in transportation, rising commerce, and the end of invasions. | 600-1450 | 57 | |
| 6791982197 | ENLIGHTENMENT ideas about liberty and political legitimacy lead to independence movements and revolutions in Europe and the Americas. | 1750-1900 | 58 | |
| 6791982198 | China and the Byzantine Empire experience significant FREE PEASANT REVOLTS. | 600-1450 | 59 | |
| 6791982199 | Global commerce is so interconnected that states become less relevant. | 1900-Present | 60 | |
| 6791982200 | GREEK CITY-STATES facilitate an exchange of commerce and culture in the Mediterranean. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 61 | |
| 6791982201 | Europeans learn the ASTROLABE from Muslims, develop the CARAVEL, and navigate around the southern tip of Africa. | 1450-1750 | 62 | |
| 6791982202 | XUANZANG, MARCO POLO, & IBN BATTUTA travel and interpret the world through their cultural lenses. | 600-1450 | 63 | |
| 6791982203 | Colonial economies in the Americas depend on a wide range of coerced labor (SLAVERY, MI'TA, INDENTURED SERVITUDE). | 1450-1750 | 64 | |
| 6791982204 | The Eurasian SILK ROADS emerge and are the dominant trade system in the world. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 65 | |
| 6791982205 | MEIJI RESTORATION: Japan is pulled out of its isolation, quickly industrializes, and is accepted as an equal power by the empires of Europe. | 1750-1900 | 66 | |
| 6791982206 | NAFTA, ASEAN: Trading blocks of nations form; global organizations emerge to facilitate trade. | 1900-Present | 67 | |
| 6791982207 | The MANCHUS overthrow the Ming and establish the QING dynasty in China. | 1450-1750 | 68 | |
| 6791982208 | Buddhist and Daoist ideas blend with Confucianism to form NEO-CONFUCIANISM, the new state ideology in China (SONG DYNASTY). | 600-1450 | 69 | |
| 6791982209 | Massive URBANIZATION and INDUSTRIALIZATION in Europe lead to smaller families and lower fertility rates. | 1750-1900 | 70 | |
| 6791982210 | The "Second Industrial Revolution" relies on STEEL, CHEMICALS, TELEPHONE. | 1750-1900 | 71 | |
| 6791982211 | ASHOKA, Mauryan emperor converts to Buddhism, sending Buddhist missionaries east along the Silk Road resulting in cultural SYNCRETISM. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 72 | |
| 6791982212 | Industrial production is critiqued by both economic LIBERALS (JOHN STUART MILL) and MARXISTS (KARL MARX). | 1750-1900 | 73 | |
| 6791982213 | The SELF-STRENGTHENING MOVEMENT is not successful in reforming China. | 1750-1900 | 74 | |
| 6791982214 | QIN DYNASTY: The first centralized government rises in China. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 75 | |
| 6791982215 | The writings of MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT & OLYMPIA DE GOUGE demonstrate emerging FEMINISM. | 1750-1900 | 76 | |
| 6791982216 | INDIAN REVOLT: Sepoys revolt against British rule in India. | 1750-1900 | 77 | |
| 6791982217 | DAOISM influences Chinese culture in the areas of architecture, poetry, and medical practices (HAN DYNASTY). | 600 BCE-600 CE | 78 | |
| 6791982218 | NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION: Surpluses of food first lead to stratified, patriarchal societies. | 8000 BCE-600 BCE | 79 | |
| 6791982219 | Colonization is intensified by evolutionary theories of race. (SOCIAL DARWINISM) | 1750-1900 | 80 | |
| 6791982220 | The SUNNI Ottoman army, based on conscripted janissaries, clash with their SHIA Safavid (Persia). | 1450-1750 | 81 | |
| 6791982221 | SWAHILI CITY-STATES: A collection of city-states along the east coast of Africa reach their peak in the Indian Ocean trade. | 600-1450 | 82 | |
| 6791982222 | MAURYANS develop a centralized state in South Asia; the GUPTA create advanced numbering system and mathematics (ZERO & DECIMAL SYSTEM). | 600 BCE-600 CE | 83 | |
| 6791982223 | Trade is facilitated by PAPER CURRENCY in Asia, and BILLS OF EXCHANGE and CREDIT in the Dar al Islam [Islamic World]. | 600-1450 | 84 | |
| 6791982224 | The new Russian Empire encourages peasant settlement into its eastern regions (SIBERIA, ALASKA). | 1450-1750 | 85 | |
| 6791982225 | GLOBAL CONFLICTS reap unprecedented civilian casualties. | 1900-Present | 86 | |
| 6791982226 | CHRISTIANITY and BUDDHISM are codified while SHAMANISM & ANCESTOR VENERATION continue to thrive. | 600 BCE-600 CE | 87 | |
| 6791982227 | POLYNESIANS & BANTU people migrate, spreading their LANGUAGES and food. | 600-1450 | 88 | |
| 9783792668 | GUNPOWDER EMPIRES of Russia, Ottomans, Savafids, Mughals, & Qing Dynasty (LAND-BASED EMPIRES) | 1450-1750 | 89 |