2016 AP Language Terms Review Flashcards

4401740650	Anecdote	a short tale narrating an interesting or amusing biographical incident	0
4401746446	Diction	word choice (Be sure to precede this with an adjective, like "colloquial diction" or "violent diction.")	1
4401748804	Denotation	the straightforward (dictionary) definition of a word	2
4401756393	Euphemism	a more agreeable word substituted for an unpleasant one ("touched" instead of "crazy"; "passed away" instead of "died")	3
4401769089	Colloquialism	slang and use of familiar expressions	4
4401774927	Connotation	emotional overtones of a word (poison, victim, seized or gently, brutally, softly, harshly)	5
4401785436	Figurative Language	language not to be taken literally	6
4401855137	Allusion	reference to history, mythology, or literature	7
4401858725	Analogy	illustration of an idea by means of a more familiar idea that is similar or parallel	8
4401865872	Apostrophe	addressing an absent figure or abstraction	9
4401871338	Extended metaphor	a metaphor defined with several examples ("Hope is the thing with feathers/That perches in the soul/And sings the tune--without words/And never stops at all." Emily Dickinson)	10
4401887665	Hyperbole	extreme exaggeration (adj. form: hyperbolic)	11
4401893535	Imagery	any description that appeals to one of the five senses	12
4401896367	Juxtaposition	the placing of two unlike things close together for effect	13
4401907053	Oxymoron	conjoining contradictory terms (jumbo shrimp, "hideous luxuriance"--Nathaniel Hawthorne)	14
4401919518	Paradox	statement that seems impossible or not true but proves true ("And I like large parties. They're so intimate."--Fitzgerald)	15
4401935658	Understatement	minimalizes a fact (A person who just got a 5 on the AP Language exam says, "I did alright.")	16
4401980329	Modes of Discourse	the categories of delivery: narration, description, exposition, and persuasion	17
4401985928	Narration	account of an event	18
4401987761	Description	pictures a place or object or setting	19
4401987762	Exposition	explains events; can include classification, comparison/contrast, definition, or analysis	20
4401989695	Persuasion	one of the major types of composition whose purpose is to convince others of the wisdom of a certain line of action	21
4402009861	Rhetoric	the deliberate exploitation of eloquence for the most persuasive effect in public speaking or writing	22
4402801828	Shift	change in position; movement (as in tone shift, shift in point of view)	23
4402805713	Satire	writing that exposes the failings (vice or folly) of individuals, institutions, or societies to ridicule and scorn in order to change it	24
4402815129	Inference	information derived by reasoning	25
4402816662	Invective	the harsh denunciation of some person or thing in abusive speech or writing	26
4402819215	Parody	imitation of serious work or style in a ridiculous manner (Saturday Night Live)	27
4402825580	Lampoon	imitation in writing (humorous) harsh satire directed toward an individual or thing	28
4402833359	Sarcasm	technique that ridicules through caustic language	29
4402835523	Style	blend of choices about diction, syntax, and figurative language unique to individuals	30
4402842596	Syntax	the way in which words or phrases are ordered and connected to form sentences; or the set of grammatical rules governing such an order	31
4402849174	Antecedent	word referred to by a pronoun	32
4402850809	Clause	group of words with a subject and verb; can be independent or subordinate (dependent)	33
4402856575	Antithesis	a balance of opposites; opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel order	34
4402880653	Loose sentence	sentence in which the main idea comes first (aka cumulative sentence)	35
4402886305	Periodic sentence	sentence in which the main idea comes last	36
4402889375	Pacing	rate at which the text develops (slow, fast, hurried) based on length and arrangement of sentences	37
4402893783	Parallelism	the arrangement of similarly constructed clauses or sentences suggesting some correspondence between them	38
4402900473	Repetition	repeating a word for emphasis	39
4402902530	Tone	writer's attitude toward the subject and audience--created by diction, details, images, language, and syntax	40
4402910897	Levels of diction	formal, standard, and informal	41
4402918113	Formal diction	--used when addressing a highly educated audience (scholarly journals, etc.) --EX: edify, optate, beguile	42
4402922486	Standard diction	--used when addressing a well-educated audience (college papers, mass publications) --EX: learn, choose, mislead	43
4402935154	Informal diction	--used when addressing a familiar or specific audience (personal letters, emails, texts) --Includes slang	44