AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards

3501757915	alliteration	the repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words	0
3501766004	allusion	an indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event	1
3501770411	analogy	an extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things	2
3501773452	anaphora	the repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses	3
3501777291	anecdote	a short account of an interesting event	4
3501780219	annotation	explanatory or critical notes added to the text	5
3501786086	antecedent	the noun to which a later pronoun prefers	6
3501792639	antimetabole	the repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast	7
3501798282	antithesis	parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas	8
3501800986	aphorism	a short, astute statement of general truth	9
3501803937	appositive	a word or phrase that rename a nearby noun or pronoun	10
3501807885	archaic diction	the use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquate language	11
3501823572	argument	a statement put forth and supported by evidence	12
3501828784	Aristotelian triangle	a diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience	13
3501836961	assertion	an empathetic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument	14
3501850876	assumption	a belief or statement taken for granted without proof	15
3501856210	asyndeton	leaving conjunctions between words, phrases, and clauses	16
3501863039	attitude	the speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone	17
3501866070	audience	those to whom a speaker' writing is addressed	18
3501873538	authority	A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge.	19
3501874479	bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.	20
3501876267	cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.	21
3501877601	claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence	22
3501880843	colloquial/ism	An informal or conversational use of language.	23
3501885833	common ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions.	24
3501887566	complex sentence	A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	25
3501889501	concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.	26
3501890531	connotation	That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning	27
3501894553	context	Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.	28
3501896992	coordination	Grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but.	29
3501899180	counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument.	30
3501899181	credible	worthy of belief; trustworthy	31
3501905722	cumulative sentence	An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail.	32
3501908653	declarative sentence	A sentence that makes a statement.	33
3501909718	deduction	Reasoning from general to specific.	34
3501911513	denotation	The literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition.	35
3501914927	dialectal journal	a double-column journal in which one writes a quotation in one column and reflections on that quotation in the other column	36
3501916011	diction	Choice of words	37
3501917441	documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.	38
3501918727	elegiac	Mournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone.	39
3501920447	epigram	A brief witty statement.	40
3501921497	ethos	A Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos).	41
3501925398	explication of text	Explanation of a text's meaning through an analysis of all of its constituent parts, including the literary devices used; also called close reading.	42
3501926856	facts	information that is true or demonstrable	43
3501931041	figurative language	The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect.	44
3501933881	figure of speech	an expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning	45
3501942982	fragment	A word, phrase, or clause that does not form a full sentence	46
3501942983	hortatory	Urging, or strongly encouraging	47
3501945088	hyperbole	A figure of speech in which deliberate exaggeration is used for emphasis	48
3501948775	imagery	vivid use of language that evokes a reader's sense	49
3501954372	imperative sentence	A sentence that requests or commands.	50
3501955645	induction	reasoning from specific to general	51
3501960362	inversion	A sentence in which the verb precedes the subject.	52
3501961953	irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result.	53
3501963062	juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	54
3501964506	logos	A Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos) .	55
3501965828	metaphor	a figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison	56
3501976695	metonymy	use of an aspect of something to represent the whole	57
3501985131	modifier	a word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause	58
3501985132	narration	Retelling an event or series of events	59
3501988409	nominalization	Turning a verb or adjective into a noun.	60
3501990804	occasion	An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing.	61
3501993644	omniscient narrator	an all-knowing 3rd person narrator . . . This type of narrator can reveal to readers what the characters think and feel.	62
3501996438	oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	63
3501997523	pacing	The relative speed or slowness with which a story is told or an idea is presented.	64
3501998941	paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	65
3502000075	parallelism	The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns.	66
3502001968	parody	A piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule.	67
3502004767	pathos	Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with an appeal to emotion	68
3502006504	periodic statement	a sentence that builds towards and ends with the main clause	69
3502011367	persona	the character assumed by the author	70
3502016757	personification	A device where inanimate objects are given human characteristics	71
3502019766	polemic	An argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion.	72
3502023353	polysyndeton	Deliberate use of many conjunctions	73
3502026486	premise	two parts of a syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise	74
3502037860	pronoun	A word that takes the place of a noun	75
3502037861	propoganda	negative term for writing intended to sway opinion rather than present information	76
3502046218	purpose	One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.	77
3502047701	refute	To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument.	78
3502049205	rhetoric	(n) the art or study of persuasion through speaking or writing; language that is elaborate or pretentious but actually empty, meaning little	79
3502052481	rhetoric modes	Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation.	80
3502054333	rhetorical question	A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	81
3502055951	rhetorical triangle	A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience (see Aristotelian triangle).	82
3502055952	satire	An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it.	83
3502059289	scheme	A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect.	84
3502061705	sentence patterns	The arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions—such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.	85
3502063522	sentence variety	Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect.	86
3502064970	similie	a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g., as brave as a lion, crazy like a fox ). uses like or as	87
3502069061	simple sentece	a statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause	88
3502075030	source	A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.	89
3502076636	speaker	A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing	90
3502078066	straw man	A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position.	91
3502078067	style	The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech.	92
3502079649	subject	In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.	93
3502081384	subordinate clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.	94
3502083049	subordination	The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.	95
3502084837	syllogism	A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	96
3502088395	syntax	Sentence structure	97
3502090833	synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.	98
3502090834	thesis	The central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer.	99
3502092980	thesis statement	a statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit	100
3502100404	topic sentence	A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis.	101
3502101943	trope	Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech.	102
3502106690	understatement	Lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect.	103
3502108050	voice	In grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing.	104
3502108051	zeguma	Construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs two or more words in a sentence	105