AP World History- Rome Flashcards

2907496510	aqueduct	a conduit, either elevated or underground, using gravity to carry water from a source to a location- usually a city- that needed it. built by the romans in a period of substancial urbanization	0
2907507327	Roman Principate	characterizes Roman government in the first three centuries CE	1
2907514488	princeps	what word is the Roman Principate`s name based off of (means `first citizen` or `first of equals`)	2
2907515865	first of equals	what title (translated to english) did Augustus-Octavian use to conceal his military dictatorship	3
2907527179	pax romana	Roman peace	4
2907528216	pax romana	allowed for trade of goods along Roman roads as well as spread of Roman culture, technologies, and religious ideas	5
2907545847	Roman Senate	a council whose families were heads of landowning families.	6
2907552300	served as an advisory board to kings	what was the purpose of the Roman Senate prior to the era of the Roman Republic	7
2907558436	governed the Roman state and empire	what was the purposed of the Roman Senate during the era of the Roman Republic`	8
2907573748	Roman Senate	under what leadership did Rome conquer an empire which expanded across the Mediterranean area	9
2907598438	civil wars due to social and economic negligence	what lead to the fall of the Roman Senate	10
2907599780	emperors	what kind of leaders ruled Rome after the fall of the Roman Senate	11
2907606637	a Roman emperor	who was Constantine	12
2907608202	Christianity	which religion did Constantine favor	13
2907611143	Constantinople	to where did Constantine move the Roman capitol	14
2907616828	equites	a group of prosperous Italian landowners who were second in wealth and status to senatorial aristocracy	15
2907622930	Romanizaton	spread of Latin language and Roman culture	16
2907628413	western provinces of the roman empire	what area of Rome did Romanization affect	17
2907634207	political and economic advantages and allure of Roman success	since Romanization was not forced by Roman governing bodies who overtook areas, what caused native people to take it up	18
2908104648	unified the empire	what advantage was found in the location of Rome	19
2908107531	Italy	what country served as a crossroads for the Mediterranean Sea area	20
2908110557	mild climate	what kind of of climate was native to Rome	21
2908114957	timber, iron, metal	main three Roman resources	22
2908118470	volcanic	what kind of soil found in Italy made for excellent crop growth	23
2908121093	Romulus	who was the legendary founder of Rome	24
2908122245	wolves	who raised Romulus	25
2908123776	Palantine Hill	where was the earliest known Roman settlement	26
2908129262	Latin	main Roman language	27
2908131283	land ownership	what was the basis for social status, wealth, and fundamental values	28
2908143046	agriculture	essential economic activity	29
2908145133	Senate	also known as the `Council of Elders`	30
2908147126	Romulus	first of the seven Roman kings	31
2908149565	Tarquinius	last of the seven Roman kings- tyrant	32
2908153469	The Liberator	nickname for Brutus	33
2908154526	Brutus	who deposed Tarquinius and established the republic	34
2908157080	res publica	what was the publicly possessed government established by Brutus called	35
2908161436	the Assembly	where did public power reside during the Republic	36
2908163890	wealthy males	who made up the Republic Assembly	37
2908188403	annually	how often were new officials elected in the Roman Republic	38
2908191522	consuls	who ruled the Assembly	39
2908193164	consuls	who ruled Rebulic-era military campaigns	40
2908194398	consuls	who ruled Republic-era Senate	41
2908199952	advised highest office	what was the role of the Senate	42
2908201864	their entire life	Senate officials term lasted...	43
2908207442	making policy, governing	the Senate was responsible for ____ ____ and _____	44
2908211893	weight	during Republic-era Rome, wealthy members of society`s vote had a greater ____	45
2908216858	elites and population majority	inequalities in Republic government representation led to a conflict between what two groups	46
2908223325	Conflict of Orders	what was the conflict between Roman elites and the population majority during Republic-era Rome known as	47
2908226928	patricians	what was the Roman name for elites	48
2908229944	plebeians	what was the Roman name for the lower class\population majority	49
2908233375	going on strike	plebeians rebelled against patricians by....	50
2908239865	creation of twelve stone tablets	plebeian rebellion eventually lead to...	51
2908243442	tribunes	name for plebeian elected officials	52
2908245844	veto	tribunes power was the ability to ____	53
2908249427	expanded elite	plebeian leadership was eventually manipulated which resulted in tribune positions going to an ______ ____ class	54
2908256364	family	what was the base unit of Roman society	55
2908258138	paterfamilias	who held power in the family	56
2908259219	oldest living male	who took the role of paterfamilias in a family	57
2908262339	auctoritas	important men in society were known as what	58
2908265427	patron-client relationship	what was the name for the system by which elites served lowerclassmen by providing legal help, protection, and money and lowerclassmen provided patrons with military service, labor, and political allegiance	59
2908278680	military service, labor, and political allegiance	what did clients provide in a patron-client relationship	60
2908281971	legal help, protection, and money	what did patrons provide in a patron-client relationship	61
2908285850	aristocrats, middle class, lower class	list the patron`s order from greatest to least	62
2908287071	children	in Roman society, women were treated like ______	63
2908290104	less	Roman women were ____ constrained than Greek women	64
2908293701	numina	Romans rested their faith in ______	65
2908295456	numina	invisible forces which controlled human life according to Roman belief	66
2908312397	vesta	living, pulsating energy of fire, dwelled in the hearth	67
2908315744	Janus	guarded door	68
2908316999	Penates	watched over cupboard	69
2908319421	pax deorum	`peace of the gods`- covenant between gods and Roman state	70
2908324299	aristocratic	priests were drawn for the _____ population	71
2908326714	perform sacrifices to the gods	a Roman priest`s duty was to....	72
2908332607	3rd and 2nd centuries BCE	when was the peak of Roman expansion	73
2908337340	military glory	consuls only had a year in office, making them rushed to reach _____ ____	74
2908340013	hoplites	Roman armor was similar to that of the ______	75
2908343805	Bay of Naples	richest farmland in all of Italy	76
2908346751	citizenship	Romans often extended ____ to conquered peoples	77
2908351571	first territory in European heartland	what was the significance of the conquest of the Gual people by Julius Caesar	78
2908355456	local power	native officials of conquered populations were granted ___ ____	79
2908358560	Roman Senators	governor positions in conquered cities were given to	80
2908362006	tax collection, judiciary and legal decisive power	what were the tasks given to Roman governors	81
2908367249	incompetence, money exploitation	what caused the fall of Roman governors rulership style	82
2908375101	conquest	how was wealth gathered in the 3rd and 2nd centuries of Roman rule	83
2908378640	latifundia	replaced peasant-run farms	84
2908381117	prisoners of war	who provided slave labor	85
2908383889	investors	who ran latifundia	86
2908387838	lack of work	what problem was created for peasants by the slavery of prisoners of war	87
2908392127	military service	when peasants could no longer afford to own property, they no longer were allowed to provide _____ ____	88
2908400810	farmland	what did Gaius Marius offer peasants in return for military service	89
2908406127	emperors, empires	armies were loyal to their ____, not their _____	90
2908411056	civil wars	loyalty of armies to emperors rather than Rome led to ___ ___	91
2908417390	princeps	first of equals	92
2908463292	Julius Caesar	who ended the Republic	93
2908464987	the Senate	who gave Octavian the title of Augustus	94
2908467221	Octavian	which emperor conquered Egypt, parts of the Middle East, and Central Europe	95
2908473580	equites	who was the main ally of Augustus Octavian	96
2908478867	governmental bureacracy	what kind of government was formed by Augustus Octavian	97
2908485801	governmental bureacracy	a body of non-elective government officials	98
2908492316	armies	early emperors were chosen by ____	99
2908492327	sucessor	in later years, emperors chose and trained a _____	100
2908495588	deified	some Roman emperors were ____ after their deaths	101
2908499134	persons, things, and actions	what were the three divisions of Roman law	102
2908505404	Digest of Justinian	cumulation of process of laws written out in the 6th century	103
2908535929	towns and cities	Roman empire was divided into...	104
2908538280	sewage and food provision	Roman empire struggle with what types of technology	105
2908544281	atrium	rectangular courthouse	106
2908545436	slums	what area of a Roman town housed the poor	107
2908548406	municipal aristocracy	system in which a town council and annually elected officials ran regional affairs	108
2908553381	slaves	cost of ____ greatly increased after the end of the era of conquest	109
2908556455	tenant farmers	rented farmland- gave a portion of crops to landlord	110
2908558801	cities, rural areas	wealth concentrated in ___, generated in _____ ____	111
2908560682	pax romana	commerce was enhanced with the spread of ___ _____	112
2908563735	grain	main Roman import	113
2908565757	central provinces, Rome, frontier provinces	list the circulation of money in chronological order	114
2908570658	citizenship	what was the reward for military service or `good semaritanship`	115
2908572516	Caracella	which emperor awarded all free men with citizenship in 212 CE	116
2908576544	messiah	after Judea was taken into Roman rule, Jews prayed for a _____ to cast them away	117
2908579458	Jesus	Jewish carpenter from Galilee	118
2908582409	rabbi	Jewish priest, spoke against the money-obsessive actions of Jewish leaders	119
2908589527	Apostles	who spread the teachings of Jesus after his death	120
2908591542	Paul	who founded Christianity and spread it to non-Jews	121
2908596886	women, peasants, and slaves	who were the first Christian converts	122
2908601730	democracy	what was the original form of government in Christian societies	123
2908603182	priests	who led Christian heirarchy	124
2908605902	theological doctrine	debates about ______ ____ led to disputes within Christian communities	125
2908610216	refusal to worship the Emperor	Christians were persecuted for their...	126
2908612342	arches and concrete	two major Roman inventions	127
2908614347	Parthia	who was the main rival of Rome	128
2908615374	Mesopotamia, Persia	Parthian civilization was the descendant of _______ and ____	129
2908631725	3rd Century Crisis	near-collapse of Roman society due to political unrest and military and economic issues	130
2908732946	frequent ruler change and disloyal troops	what sparked the civil wars which created the 3rd Century Crisis	131
2908636167	protection	during the 3rd century crisis, most of Roman economic resources were spent for _____	132
2908640766	the barter system	what was reestablished after reduction of the amount of metal in coinage caused inflation	133
2908645606	inflation	what occurred as a result of reduction of the amount of metal in coins	134
2908652815	middle-age	what style of demography became widespread during the third century crisis	135
2908657729	Diocletian	emperor who was born as a commoner and rose up through military might	136
2908660213	minimum prices	Diocletian ended inflation with his invention of what	137
2908663758	the black market	the creation of minimum prices led to what	138
2908667842	Edict of Milan	created by Constantine to end Christian persecution	139
2908669383	Milvan Bridge	after what battle did Constantine take up Christianity	140
2908676198	Corpus Juris Civilus	important code of law from the Byzantine Empire	141
2908684075	Byzantine Empire	created after Constantine switched the Roman capitol from Rome to Byzantine (later known as Constantinople)	142
2908695340	Germanic invaders	what (who) caused the death of Western Roman Empire	143
2908698509	Byzantine	formerly the Eastern Empire of Rome	144
2909043068	Roman law	what kind of law was followed by the Byzantine empire	145
2909046203	Justinian	Byzantinian emperor, born a peasant, codified Roman law and brought back glory to Eastern Rome (or Byzantine)	146
2909075059	Greek Orthodox	What form of Christianity was followed by the Byzantinian empire	147
2909083524	the Roman emperor	who appointed the pope	148
2909085245	Caesaropaism	Caesar > Pope	149
2909657777	Carthage	The Punic Wars were fought between Rome and _____	150
2909658910	three	How many Punic Wars were there	151
2915241433	Hannibal crossed the Alps	Major event of the second Punic War	152
2915251071	Julius Caesar	first Roman dictator	153
2915254951	the Senate	who assassinated Julius Caesar	154
2915264259	Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar	who made up the first triumvirate	155
2915268390	nephew	Octavian was the ___ of Julius Caesar	156
2915271701	Pompey	who did Julius Caesar defeat in order to become the first Roman dictator	157
2915276637	Marc Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian	who made up the second triumvirate	158
2917435038	Edict of Milan	proclamation that ended Christian persecution	159