Fallacies - AP Language Flashcards

5394478908	Appeal for Sympathy	ignores the real issue by emotional appeal.	0
5394492281	Bandwagon	statement is assumed to be logically valid because of popular support.	1
5394497340	Appeal to tradition	continue to do things as we have done them in the past. Asserts that a premise must be true because people have always believed in it or have done it.	2
5394506854	Slippery Slope	suggests that one step will inevitably lead to more. (weather -> toaster -> plastic surgery -> Joker -> being attacked by batman.)	3
5394517278	guilt by association	when a persons guilt or innocence is determined by the company he or she keeps. Ex: You hang around bill and bill skips school so you must skip school.	4
5394529041	appeal to authority	committed when the person making the statement is not a legitimate authority on the subject.	5
5394543194	Ad hominem	discrediting an argument by attacking the person who makes it.	6
5394549632	straw man	misrepresented someones argument to make it easier to attack.	7
5394556169	equivocation	Tricks of language that use the same term with different meaning	8
5394557799	Non Sequitur	Using a premise to prove a point that is often related by often quite distant. The conclusion doesn't logically follow the explanation.	9
5394566999	Post hoc ergo propter hoc	writer/speaker mistakenly assumes that because the first event proceeded the second event, it must mean that the first event caused the later one.	10
5394573005	circular reasoning	States that the first claim is initially loaded with the very conclusion one has yet to prove.	11
5394579059	Faulty dilemma	All of the options are not taken into account in the solution posed by the major premise. Ex: you can either graduate and go to college or you can work at minimum wage.	12
5394585228	Hasty generalization	a conclusion based on an inadequate evidence or a sample that is too small. Ex: Even thought its my first day I can tell this course is going to be boring.	13
5394607541	Appeal to ignorance	attempts to use an opponents inability to disapprove a conclusion as proof of the validity.	14
5394615071	Broken Window	Destruction will benefit the economy.	15
5394619157	Faulty analogy	comparison that is used to demonstrate a point but which is invalid	16
5394621680	Red herring	Introducing an unrelated or invalid point to distract the reader/audience from the actual argument.	17