Chapter 5 AP World History Flashcards

7199144613	All the classical civilizations involved territorial expansion and related efforts to integrate the new territories.		0
7199157058	Significant civilizations developed in the Americas and Africa outside the immediate classical orbit.		1
7195173424	Axum	Def - Kingdom located in Ethiopian highlands; replaced Meroë in first century C.E; received strong influence from Arabian peninsula; eventually converted to Christianity. Significance - This kingdom was the rival kingdom of another kingdom called Kush. Analyze - Axum was more powerful than Kush at that time period.	2
7195195568	Ethiopia	Def - A Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of Eastern Africa under the dynasty of King Lalibela; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa.	3
7195353171	Sahara	Def - Desert running across northern Africa; separates the Mediterranean coast from southern Africa. Significance - Farming took earliest root on the southern fringes of the Sahara. Analyze - The Sahara was a good location for farming since it was not too hot and not too cold.	4
7195369029	Shinto	Def - Religion of early Japanese culture; devotees worshipped numerous gods and spirits associated with the natural world; offers of food and prayers made to gods and nature spirits. Significance - People worshipped to the god of rice. Analyze - People needed food such as rice.	5
7195379042	Olmec Culture	Def - Cultural tradition that arose at San Lorenzo and La Venta in Mexico c.1200 B.C.E; featured irrigated agriculture, urbanism, elaborate religion, beginnings of calendrical and writing systems. Significance - The Olmec culture explored artistic forms in precious stones such as jade. Analyze - The Olmec culture displayed many impressive achievements such as art.	6
7195442681	Teotihucan	Def - Site of classic culture in Central Mexico; urban center with religious functions; supported by intensive agriculture in surrounding regions; population of as much as 200,000. Significance - Teotihuacan was a center for trade and worship. Analyze - Teotihuacan was the first great city in the Americas.	7
7195461956	Maya	Def - Classic culture emerging in southern Mexico and Central America contemporary with Teotihuacan; extended over broad region; featured monumental architecture, written language, calendrical and mathematical systems, highly developed religion. Significance - The Maya emerged from 400 C.E. Analyze - The Mayan culture was the first, full than Teotihuacan culture.	8
7195467037	Inca	Def - Group of clans centered at Cuzco that were able to create empire incorporating various Andean cultures; term also used for leader of empire. Significance - The culture which included careful agriculture and allowed the construction of elaborate cities became known as the Incas. Analyze - The Incas had a decent culture.	9
7195472878	Polynesia	Def - Islands contained in a rough triangle whose points lie in Hawaii, New Zealand, and Easter Island. Significance - Polynesian peoples reached islands such as Fiji and Samoa by 1000 B.C.E. Analyze - The Polynesian people were fast.	10
7199166101	A combination of internal weakness and invasion led to important changes, first in China, than in India.		11
7195479732	Yellow Turbans	Def - Chinese Daoists who launched a revolt in 184 C.E. in China promising a golden age to be brought about by divine magic, Significance - The Yellow Turbans were Daoist leaders. Analyze - The Daoist leaders were people in Daoism.	12
7195483664	Sui	Def - Dynasty that succeeded the Han in China; emerged from strong rulers in northern China; united all of northern China and reconquered southern China. Significance - The Sui Dynasty briefly ruled. Analyze - The Sui Dynasty was not that strong.	13
7195487026	Tang	Def - Dynasty that succeeded the Sui in 618 C.E; more stable than previous dynasty. Significance - The tang sponsored one of the most glorious periods in Chinese history. Analyze - The Tang was more stable than the previous dynasty.	14
7195490535	Rajput	Def - Regional princes in western India; emphasized military control of their regions. Significance - The rajput's controlled small states. Analyze - Rajputs were regional princes.	15
7195493956	Devi	Def - Mother goddess within Hinduism; widely spread following collapse of Guptas; encouraged new emotionalism in religious ritual. Significance - Indian economic prosperity continued at high levels. Analyze - Devi helped economic prosperity maintain its high levels.	16
7195498975	Islam	Def - Major world religion having its origins in 610 C.E. in the Arabic peninsula; meaning literally submission; based on prophecy of Muhammad. Significance - Islam is located in the Middle East and has been a threat for Indian civilization. Analyze - Islam was way stronger than Indian civilizations.	17
7195505582	Allah	Def - Supreme god in strictly monotheistic Islam. Significance - Allah helped Islam win some converts in the Northwestern parts of India. Analyze - Allah was a strictly monotheistic god.	18
7199168075	Decline in Rome was complex, involving a mix of internal and external factors.		19
7199170013	The Eastern and Western portions of the empire developed differently after the fall of Rome.		20
7195509846	Byzantine Empire	Def - Eastern half of Roman Empire following collapse of western half of old empire; retained Mediterranean culture; particularly Greek; later lost Palestine, Syria and Egypt to Islam; capital at Constantinople. Significance - The Byzantine Empire was a product of late Imperial Rome. Analyze - The Byzantine Empire was not as powerful as Islam.	21
7195517793	Justinian	Def - (482 -565) Early Byzantine emperor, responsible for major building in Constantinople and a codification of Roman law; his efforts to recapture some additional previously Roman territory ended in failure. Significance - Justinian could not hold on to Italy and lost provinces of north Africa. Analyze - Justinian was not a good emperor.	22
7195524782	Augustine(Saint)	Def - Influential church father and theologian (354-430 C.E.); born in Africa and ultimately bishop of Hippo in Africa; champion of Christian doctrine against development of Christian thought on such issues as predestination. Significance - He was a bishop in North Africa. Analyze - He was a famous person in North Africa.	23
7195534069	Coptic	Def - Christian sect in Egypt, later tolerated after Islamic takeover. Significance - The coptic is a Christian church in Egypt, which still survives as a Christian minority in that country. Analyze - Christianity is a minority in Egypt.	24
7199170872	The period of classical decline saw the rapid expansion of Buddhism and Christianity.		25
7199171589	Religious change had wider cultural, social, and political implications.		26
7195534449	Bodhisattvas	Def - Buddhist holy men; built up spiritual merits during their lifetimes; prayers even after death could aid people to achieve reflected holiness. Significance - Held that some people could attain nirvana through their own meditation while choosing to remain in the world as saints. Analyze - The doctrine of bodhisattvas held that some people could attain nirvana through their own meditation.	27
7195548483	Mahayana	Def - Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as god or savior. Significance - The Mahayana retained basic Buddhist beliefs. Analyze - The Mahayana was the East Asian form of Buddhism.	28
7195556654	Jesus of Nazareth	Def - Prophet and teacher among the Jews; believed by Christians to be the Messiah; executed c. 30 C.E. Significance - Jesus of Nazareth was believed to be the son of god sent to earth to redeem human sin by the Christians. Analyze - The Christians believed that Jesus of Nazareth was the son of god.	29
7195562189	Paul	Def - (3-67) One of the first Christian missionaries; moved away from insistence that adherents of the new religion follow Jewish law; use of Greek as language of church. Significance - Under the guidance of Paul, Christians began to see themselves as part of a new religion. Analyze - Paul made the Christians see themselves as part of a new religion.	30
7195567918	Pope	Def - Bishop of Rome; head of the Christian church in western Europe. Significance - The Word pope comes from the word "papa" meaning father. Analyze - Pope means father of the church.	31
7195570872	Benedict of Nursia	Def - Founder of monasticism in what had been the western half of the Roman Empire; established Benedictine Rule in the 6th century; paralleled development of Basil's rules in the Byzantine Empire. Significance - Benedict started a monastery among Italian peasants whom he lured away from the worship of the Sun god Apollo.	32
7195576927	Animism	Def - A religious outlook that sees gods in aspects of nature and propitiated them to help control and explain nature; typical of Mesopotamian religions. Significance - Animism was an important development across boundaries. Analyze - There were many developments across boundaries such as Animism which declined.	33