Campbell Essential Biology- Chapter 20 Flashcards

6643031354	abiotic reservoir	Where a chemical accumulates or is stockpiled outside of living organisms (the atmosphere is an abiotic reservoir for carbon).	0
6643031355	biodiversity	The number of species within a specific habitat.	1
6643031356	biodiversity hot spot	A relatively small area with numerous endemic species and a large number of endangered and threatened species.	2
6643031357	biogeochemical cycles	Movement of abiotic factors such as water, carbon and nitrogen within an ecosystem.	3
6643031358	biological magnification	Toxins become more concentrated in successive trophic levels.	4
6643031359	biomass	The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level.	5
6643031361	bioremediation	The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems	6
6643031362	carnivores	Eat meat	7
6643031363	chemical cycling	The use and reuse of a chemical element, such as carbon, within an ecosystem	8
6643031364	community	All the different populations that live together in an area	9
6643031365	competitive exclusion principle	Ecological rule that states that no two species can occupy the same exact niche in the same habitat at the same time	10
6643031366	conservation biology	A branch of biology that studies why many species are in trouble and what can be done to save them	11
6643031367	cryptic coloration	camouflage	12
6643031368	decomposers	Break down and recycle organic matter	13
6643031369	detritivores	Eat dead organic matter	14
6643031370	detritus	Dead organic matter	15
6643031371	disturbances	Events that change communities, remove or destroy organisms from communities, or alter resource availability	16
6643031372	ecological niche	The specific role played by an organism or a population of organisms in the ecosystem	17
6643031373	ecological succession	gradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance	18
6643031374	ecosystem	A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.	19
6643031375	ecosystem services	An essential service an ecosystem provides that supports life and makes economic activity possible.	20
6643031376	endemic species	species that are native to and found only within a limited area	21
6643031377	energy flow	The passage of energy through the components of an ecosystem	22
6643031378	food chain	A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten	23
6643031379	food webs	A complex diagram representing the many energy pathways in an ecosystem	24
6643031380	herbivores	Eat plants	25
6643031382	host	An organism on which a parasite lives.	26
6643031383	interspecific competition	competition between members of different species	27
6643031384	interspecific interactions	A relationship between individuals of two or more species in a community.	28
6643031385	keystone species	A species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem	29
6643031386	landscape	Mosaic of connected ecosystems	30
6643031387	landscape ecology	focuses on the factors controlling exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms across multiple ecosystems	31
6643031388	movement corridor	a series of small clumps or a narrow strip of quality habitat that connects otherwise isolated patches of quality habitat	32
6643031389	mutualism	A relationship between two species in which both species benefit	33
6643031390	nitrogen fixation	The process of changing free nitrogen gas into a usable form	34
6643031391	omnivores	Eat both plants and animals	35
6643031392	parasite	An organism that feeds on a living host	36
6643031393	pathogen	An organism that causes disease	37
6643031394	predation	An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism	38
6643031395	primary consumers	animals that feed on producers- herbivores	39
6643031396	primary production	Amount of light energy converted to chemical energy by autotrophs.	40
6643031397	primary succession	Succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists.	41
6643031398	producers	Make their own food	42
6643031399	pyramid of production	shows the loss of energy at each trophic level	43
6643031400	quaternary consumers	An organism that eats tertiary consumers	44
6643031401	relative abundance	The proportion each species represents of all individuals in the community	45
6643031402	restoration ecology	the study and implementation of restoring damaged ecosystems	46
6643031403	scavenger	A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms	47
6643031404	secondary consumers	eat primary consumers	48
6643031405	secondary succession	The series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist	49
6643031406	species diversity	The variety of species per unit area. This includes both the number of species present (richness) and their relative abundance.	50
6643031407	species richness	The number of different species in a community	51
6643031408	sustainable development	A way of using natural resources without depleting them, and of providing for human needs without causing more long term environmental harm	52
6643031409	tertiary consumers	eat secondary consumers	53
6643031410	trophic structure	Feeding relationships between organisms in a community.	54
6643031411	warning coloration	An adaptation of bright coloring on some animals of prey to advertise that they are poisonous	55