AP World History 5 Flashcards

4265353953	socialist market economy	market economy that combines substantial state ownership of large industries with private enterprise, where both forms of ownership operate in a free-pricing market environment	0
4265353954	special economic zones	specific area within a country in which tax incentives and less stringent environmental regulations are implemented to attract foreign business and investment	1
4265353955	stateless nations	people groups without established sovereign borders; such as Kurds or Palestinians	2
4265353956	supranational organizations	cooperating groups of nations that operate on either a regional or international level.	3
4265353957	Tiananmen crisis	demonstration by students intellectuals criticizing corruption and demanding democratic reforms, government responded by sending army in to cease protests who killed hundreds of citizens	4
4265353958	Universal Declaration of Human Rights	A 1946 United Nations covenant binding signatory nations to the observance of specified rights.	5
4265353959	Weapons of Mass Destruction	nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons that can kill tens of thousands of people all at once	6
4265353960	World Bank	a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments	7
4265353961	Boris Yeltsin	president of the Russian Republic in 1991. Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign.	8
4265353962	abolish	do away with formally	9
4265353963	assembly line	production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks.	10
4265353964	cartel	a formal organization of producers that agree to coordinate prices and production	11
4265353965	communism	a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership	12
4265353966	constitution	law determining the fundamental political principles of a government	13
4265353967	corporation	a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state	14
4265353968	doctrine	a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school	15
4265353969	domestic	produced in a particular country	16
4265353970	emancipation	the act of setting free	17
4265353971	enclosure	process of taking over and fencing off land once shared by peasant farmers	18
4265353972	Estates-General	assembly of the estates of all France	19
4265353973	factory	places that brought together workers and machines to produce large quantities of goods	20
4265353974	free market	economic system in which individuals decide for themselves what to produce and sell	21
4265353975	free trade	the removal of trade barriers so that goods can flow freely between countries	22
4265353976	immigration	movement of individuals into an area occupied by an existing population	23
4265353977	imperialism	a policy of extending your rule over foreign countries	24
4265353978	indemnity	legal exemption from liability for damages	25
4265353979	Industrial Revolution	change in technology, brought about by improvements in machinery and by use of steam power	26
4265353980	Laissez-Faire	idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs	27
4265353981	labor union	an organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members	28
4265353982	Marxism	the theory created by Karl Marx and Frederich Engels that centers on communism and its inevitability.	29
4265353983	nationalism	loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality.	30
4265353984	natural resources	materials found in nature that are used by living things	31
4265353985	rural	living in or characteristic of farming or country life	32
4265353986	social class	a group of people with similar backgrounds, incomes, and ways of living	33
4265353987	social Darwinism	the belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.	34
4265353988	socialism	a political theory advocating state ownership of industry	35
4265353989	suffrage	the right to vote	36
4265353990	trade union	organization of workers with the same trade or skill	37
4265353991	universal suffrage	the right of all adults to vote for their representatives.	38
4265353992	wage labor	the arrangement by which workers get a regular paycheck in exchange for performing a specific task	39
4265353993	American Revolution	the war between Great Britain and its American colonies, 1775-83, by which the colonies won their independence.	40
4265353994	Berlin Conference	a meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa	41
4265353995	Bloody Sunday	1905, peaceful protest to czar Nicholas II palace, led by Father Gapon, fired on by palace guards, 100s died	42
4265353996	Boer Wars	a conflict, lasting from 1899 to 1902, in which the Dutch and the British fought for control of territory in South Africa.	43
4265353997	Boxer Rebellion	a 1900 uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country.	44
4265353998	British East India Company	joint stock company that obtained monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	45
4265353999	Capitulations	agreements with European powers that gave European bankers and merchants unfair advantages in the Ottoan Empire	46
4265354000	Charles Dawin	In 1859, he published his book on the origin of species by means of natural selection.	47
4265354001	Communist Manifesto	a socialist manifesto written by Marx and Engels (1842) describing the history of the working-class movement according to their views	48
4265354002	Congress of Vienna	restored a balance of power to Europe after Napoleon's reign	49