AP US History Alan Brinkley Chapter 13 Flashcards
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| 8653025260 | Manifest Destiny | -belief that it was their "God given right" to expand from coast to coast (Atlantic->Pacific) -opponents: Clay and the Whigs, feared tensions over slavery (slave or free?) | 0 | |
| 8653025261 | Texas | -Declares independence 1836, is its own independent country for 6 years -Battle of San Jacinto-Santa Anna signed treaty recognizing Texas -Jackson and MVB hesitated to annex Texas, fear of war with Mexico and exacerbating sectional strife | 1 | |
| 8653025262 | Oregon | -joint occupation with Britain -under Polk "5440 or fight!" -eventually US and Britain settle on 49th parallel -prosperous young people migrate west, search of $$$ new life -Oregon Trail: natives play key role in guiding individuals | 2 | |
| 8653025263 | Annexation of Texas | -key issue in election of 1844 (D-Polk, W-Clay) -Polk fully supports annexation -TX annexed via a joint resolution (both houses of Congress) 1845, admitted as SLAVE STATE | 3 | |
| 8653025264 | Texas Boundary Dispute | -TX claims Rio Grande -Mexico claimed to the Nueces River -boundary issue that essentially starts Mex Am War -Polk sought to buy CA from Mexico, they refuse (only way: war) | 4 | |
| 8653025265 | Leading up to Mexican American War | (1846-1848); American expansion leads to dispute over California and Texas -starts with boundary issue -"spot resolutions" (Spotty Lincoln)-Americans killed, POlk urges to go to war bc American blood was spilled (but it was on disputed territory) -Thoreau's Civil Disobedience urged people to break laws they thought were unjust -Nicholas Trist negotiates treaty with Mexico | 5 | |
| 8653025266 | Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | 1848 treaty ending the Mexican-American War -Nicholas Trist negotiates -US pays $15 million and they gain Mexican Cession | 6 | |
| 8653025267 | Wilmot Proviso | 1846 proposal that outlawed slavery in any territory gained from the War with Mexico by David Wilmot (D) [ANTI-SLAVERY] -passes House, but NOT the Senate | 7 | |
| 8653025268 | California Gold Rush | -John Sutter's mills -49ers -mostly men-population increases from 14,000 to 220,000 in 4 yrs! Ah | 8 | |
| 8653025269 | Personal Liberty Laws | -laws passed by Northern states that barred involvement in returning runaway slaves -passed in response to Compromise of 1850 | 9 | |
| 8656702563 | Compromise of 1850 | Henry Clay -popular sovereignty in Mexican Cession -California admitted as free state (tips balance) -Most strict fugitive slave law (more personal liberty laws in the North) -slave trade outlawed in DC -Texas paid money to relinquish some land in dispute Notable: -end of "Great Triumvirate" (Calhoun, Clay, Webster) -Webster urged Congress to support Fugitive Slave Act for the good of the country (so they wont be bratty) -Stephen Douglas | 10 | |
| 8656739717 | Crises of the 1850s | -North opposes Fugitive Slave Act-->tension between the North and the South -Franklin Pierce | 11 | |
| 8656748481 | Franklin Pierce | -"Young America"-believes in the expansion of US democracy -Ostend Manifesto (Plan to buy Cuba from Spain--if they refused, US would take it by force) -fear of making Cuba a slave state---North try to block it -Gadsden Purchase | 12 | |
| 8656766287 | Gadsden Purchase | -1854 wanted to build a transcontinental railroad, so they had to buy the bottom chunk of Southern Arizona and a part of NM -US buys this land from Mexico (Jefferson Davis) -James Gadsden | 13 | |
| 8656784059 | Kansas Nebraska Act | -response to Gadsden Purchase, North also wanted RR -proposed popular sovereignty in Nebraska Territory -Overturned MO Compromise bc of 3630 -presumably Kansas would be slave and NE would be free, but "Bleeding Kansas" | 14 | |
| 8656801240 | Bleeding Kansas | Pro and anti-slavery people show up in large numbers to vote for issue of free/slave -alot of people move in to vote -Caning of Charles Sumner -battle of Pottawatomie Creek-response to Lawrence and caning | 15 | |
| 8656816435 | Free Soilers | believed slaves took away jobs from whites -helps morph into newly formed Republican Party | 16 | |
| 8656825721 | Slave Power Conspiracy | -North thought there was a slave power conspiracy -or that South sought to expand slavery and must be destroyed | 17 | |
| 8656832864 | Pro-Slavery Arguments | -caused by rebellions and writings -John C Calhoun "positive good", that slaves were being well taken care of and they were better off than people in the North -religious justification -racial superiority | 18 | |
| 8656846926 | Election of 1856 | Buchanan (D) elected "Kansas less" | 19 | |
| 8656856388 | Panic of 1857 | -caused by overspeculation -King Cotton not hit - | 20 | |
| 8656864625 | Dred Scott v. Sandford | 1857 Dred Scott was a slave that lived in Illinois and Wisconsin (free states), sued for freedom -court rules: Dred Scott could not sue because he was NOT a citizen, also that slaves were property and could not be taken away without due process, Congress could not eliminate slavery in the territories | 21 | |
| 8656885231 | Lincoln Douglas Debates | -Lincoln runs for Senate seat of Illinois, challenges Stephen Douglas (incumbent senator) -7 debates -Stephen Douglas wins, but alienates the South in the process -guarantees Lincoln's future presidency | 22 | |
| 8656895843 | John Brown and Harpers Ferry | -hoped to incite a slave rebellion and tries to give them weapons -many Southerners felt that North and Republican Party was filled with "John Browns" -John Brown, radical | 23 | |
| 8656910366 | election of 1860 | -Lincoln wins without receiving a single electoral vote from the South -beginning of secession, South felt that if he could win without any of their support that their voice wasnt being heard | 24 | |
| 8656928304 | fire eaters | Southerners that threatened secession | 25 |