Biochemistry Chapter 10 Flashcards
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| 6232044713 | Carbohydrate composition | (CH2O)n | 0 | |
| 6232194744 | Carbohydrate major functions | energy storage; cell recognition and identification signals | 1 | |
| 6232196167 | Types of carbohydrates | monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides | 2 | |
| 6232200209 | Monosaccharides | simple sugars, a monomer unit | 3 | |
| 6232201287 | Disaccharides | consist of two simple sugars | 4 | |
| 6232202349 | Polysaccharides | consist of sometimes millions of monomer units | 5 | |
| 6232205284 | Aldehyde | carbonyl carbon is bound to H |  | 6 |
| 6232205285 | Aldoses | monosaccharides with an aldehyde group |  | 7 |
| 6232206963 | Ketone | carbonyl carbon is not bound to H |  | 8 |
| 6232207024 | Ketoses | monosaccharides with a ketone group |  | 9 |
| 6232255152 | Isomers | Have the same molecular formula but different structures | 10 | |
| 6232276981 | Constitutional isomers | differ in the order of attachments of atoms |  | 11 |
| 6232279863 | Stereoisomers | atoms are connected in the same order but differ in spatial arrangments | 12 | |
| 6232321319 | Enantiomers | Nonsuperimposable mirror images |  | 13 |
| 6232338161 | Diastereoisomers | Isomers that are not mirror images |  | 14 |
| 6232350691 | Epimers | differ at one of several asymmetric carbon atoms |  | 15 |
| 6232377228 | Glycosyltransferases | catalyze glycosidic bond formation via condensation reaction | 16 | |
| 6232385627 | Glycoside | a sugar with a glycosidic bonds | 17 | |
| 6232393438 | Amylose | unbranched starch consisting of glucose in alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages | 18 | |
| 6232399994 | Amylopectin | branched starch consisting of glucose with alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages and branching alpha-1,6-glycosidic linkages every ~30 units | 19 | |
| 6232408652 | Cellulose | a polysaccharide of gluose that is the major structural components of plants (cell wall) | 20 | |
| 6232413396 | beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages | connect glucose residues | 21 | |
| 6232418356 | beta configuration | enables cellulose to form fibrils formed by repeating intrachain hydrogen bonds | 22 | |
| 6232419639 | Glycoproteins | a protein with a covalently attached carbohydrate group; protein > carbohydrate | 23 | |
| 6232421153 | Three classes of glycoproteins | glycoproteins, proteoglycans, mucins (mucoproteins) | 24 | |
| 6232422928 | proteoglycans | carbohydrate > protein | 25 | |
| 6232425564 | Mucins (mucoproteins) | carbohydrate > protein | 26 | |
| 6232435255 | Glycoprotein functions | cell membrane components, participate in cell adhesion, soluble forms are important blood serum components | 27 | |
| 6232437024 | glycosylation | proteins undergo ______ at asparagine (N-linkage), and serine or threonine (O-linkage) side chains | 28 | |
| 6232439513 | Proteoglycan | These are glycoproteins in which a protein is attached to glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides; glycosaminoglycan can represent up to 95% of mass | 29 | |
| 6232444319 | Proteoglycan functions | determined by glycosaminoglycan component; lubricants and structural ocmponents and connective tissue, cell adhesion, bind factors that regulate cell proliferation | 30 | |
| 6232459271 | Mucins | glycoproteins in which the protein component is extensively glycosylated at serine and threonine residues by N-acetylgalactosamine; The protein component has a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) region containing Ser and Thr residues | 31 | |
| 6232474753 | Mucin functions | lubricants, for instance in saliva; protective barriers (stomach acid, bacteria); hydrating underlying cells; roles in fertilization and immune response | 32 |