Biochemistry Flashcards

4758984804	Carbohydrate	Macromolecule, C,H,O, H:o = 2:1	0
4758984805	Protein	Macromolecule, C,H,O, N and sometimes S	1
4758984806	Lipids	Macromolecule, C,H,O, many more H than O	2
4758984807	Nucleic Acids	Macromolecule, C,H,O, N, and P	3
4758984808	Monosaccharides	Monomers of Carbohydrates	4
4758984809	Amino Acids	Monomers of Proteins	5
4758984810	Nucleotides	Monomers of Nucleic Acids	6
4758984811	Bread, pastas, fruits, vegetables, beans	Sources of Carbohydrates	7
4758984812	Dairy products, meats, eggs, oils	Sources of lipids	8
4758984813	Dairy products, meats, eggs, beans	Sources of protein	9
4758984814	Glucose, Fructose, Amylose, Cellulose, Glycogen	Examples of Carbohydrates	10
4758984815	Enzymes, collagen, keratin, actin, myosin, hemoglobin	Examples of Proteins	11
4758984816	Oils, waxes, phospholipids	Examples of lipids	12
4758984817	DNA, RNA	Examples of Nucleic Acids	13
4758984818	Enzymes	Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells	14
4758984819	Substrate	The compound with which an enzyme interacts	15
4758984820	Active site	Where the enzyme interacts with its specific substrate	16
4758984821	Water	Most common compound in living things	17
4758984822	Water molecule	2 hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to an oxygen atom	18
4758984823	Hydrogen	Type of bonds that connect 2 water molecules	19
4758984824	Polar	A compound that has different charges at opposite ends	20
4758984825	Cohesion	Force of attraction between 2 water molecules	21
4758984826	Adhesion	Force of attraction between a water molecule and another type of molecule	22
4758984827	Surface tension	Property created by cohesion that allows objects with greater density than water to sit on top of water	23
4758984828	Capillary action	Property created by cohesion and adhesion that causes water to move upward in tiny tubes.	24
4758984829	High Heat Capacity (High Specific Heat)	Property of water that makes it difficult to change the temperature of water.	25
4758984830	Hydrogen	Most common element in living things	26
4758984831	Oxygen	Element that creates most of the mass of a human	27
4758984832	Carbon	All organic compounds have this element bonded to hydrogen	28
4758984833	Nitrogen	78% of the atmosphere, found in proteins and DNA	29
4758984834	Saturated fat	A lipid with only single bonds between carbon atoms in its fatty acid tails (hydrocarbon chains)	30
4758984835	Unsaturated fat	A lipid with at least one double bond between carbon atoms in its fatty acid tails (hydrocarbon chains)	31
4758984836	-ose	ending associated with carbohydrates	32
4758984837	-ase	ending associated with proteins that are enzymes	33
4758984838	Long term energy storage, Padding and Insulation	Function of Lipids	34
4758984839	Immediate energy source, structure	Function of carbohydrates	35
4758984840	Catalysts in chemical reactions, move substances, move cells, create structure, coordinate cell and body functions	Function of proteins	36
4758984841	Store genetic information	Function of nucleic acids	37
4758984842	Covalent	Type of bond that shares electrons	38
4758984843	Water	Most common compound in living things	39
4758984844	Denature	When the shape of an enzyme changes	40
4758984845	pH and temperature	Things that cause enzymes to denature	41
4758984846	Solid	When water has the most hydrogen bonds	42
4758984847	Glycogen	Stored carbohydrate in animals	43
4758984848	Starch (amylose)	Stored carbohydrate in a plant	44
4758984849	Cellulose	Structural carbohydrate in plant cell walls	45
4758984850	Inorganic	Type of compound that typically lacks carbon.	46
4758984851	Organic	Type of compound that always has carbon	47
4758984852	Monomers	Smaller compounds used to build large compounds	48
4758984853	Disaccharide	Two monosaccharides	49
4758984854	Polymer	A large compound made of many repeating monomers	50
4758984855	Polysaccharide	A complex carbohydrate made of many monosaccharides	51
4758984856	Hydrolysis	A reactions that combines monomers to form a polymer and uses water.	52
4758984857	Dehydration synthesis	A reaction that produces water by breaking apart polymers.	53
4758984858	Solvent	Water can dissolve many things. It is an excellent _?_	54
4758984859	Iron	Needed to make hemoglobin so red blood cells can carry oxygen.	55