Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 7281873291 | Element | Pure substance composed of all the same type of atom. | 0 | |
| 7281873292 | Atom | The smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element. | 1 | |
| 7281877691 | Protons | Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. | 2 | |
| 7281883010 | Neutrons | Subatomic particles that have no charge. | 3 | |
| 7281885841 | Electrons | Small, negatively charged subatomic particles that move about the nucleus at very high speeds and are located in the orbitals. | 4 | |
| 7281894930 | Compound | A substance of atoms or two or more elements in a fixed proportion. | 5 | |
| 7281898750 | Molecule | The simplest unit of a compound that retains all the properties of that substance. | 6 | |
| 7281902965 | Ion | An atom or molecule that has lost or gained one or more electrons resulting in an atom or molecule with an electrical charge. | 7 | |
| 7281910552 | Energy | The ability to do work. | 8 | |
| 7281912520 | Reactants | The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction. | 9 | |
| 7281915423 | Products | The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction. | 10 | |
| 7281919195 | Activation energy | The amount of energy required to start a reaction. | 11 | |
| 7281922563 | Cohesion | The attraction between molecules of the same substance. | 12 | |
| 7281926951 | Adhesion | The attraction between molecules of different substances. | 13 | |
| 7281930656 | Solution | A homogeneous mixture of the molecules of two or more substances. | 14 | |
| 7281935787 | Acid | A solution in which the number of hydronium ions exceeds the number of hydroxide ions. | 15 | |
| 7281942319 | Base | A solution in which the number of hydroxide ions exceeds the number of hydronium ions. | 16 | |
| 7281949835 | pH scale | A scale used to compare the relative concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions in a solution. | 17 | |
| 7281956976 | Buffer | A chemical substance that can neutralize small amounts of either an acid or a base in a solution to prevent sudden changes in pH. | 18 | |
| 7281974700 | Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | The energy-carrying molecule of the cell that is energy rich. | 19 | |
| 7281977370 | Carbohydrate | Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. | 20 | |
| 7281982323 | Proteins | Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. | 21 | |
| 7281989177 | Amino Acids | The monomers that are the building blocks of proteins. | 22 | |
| 7281992708 | Enzyme | A protein that acts as a biological catalyst to speed up the chemical reactions within the cell. | 23 | |
| 7281998268 | Substrate | The substance, or reactant, of an enzymatic reaction. | 24 | |
| 7282002119 | Active Site | An indentation, pocket or groove on the surface of an enzyme into which a particular substrate can fit. | 25 | |
| 7282007431 | Lipid | Large, nonpolar organic molecules composed of fatty acids and glycerol molecules that do not dissolve in water. | 26 | |
| 7282017297 | Nucleic Acids | Very large and complex organic molecules that store and transfer important information in the cell. | 27 | |
| 7282027537 | Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | The type of nucleic acid that contains the information that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs it cellular activities. | 28 | |
| 7282036068 | Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) | The type of nucleic acid that transfers information about protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosomes. | 29 | |
| 7282042686 | Nucleotide | The repeating monomers that compose nucleic acids. | 30 |