Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 7224014728 | Kcat |  | 0 | |
| 7224015741 | Efficiency | Efficiency = Kcat/Km | 1 | |
| 7224017608 | Competitive inhibitor | Binds free enzyme & competes with substrate 1. Higher apparent Km 2. Same Kcat 3. Same Vmax | 2 | |
| 7224021003 | Uncompetitive inhibitor | Binds active site of ES complex 1. Lower apparent Km 2. Lower Vmax | 3 | |
| 7224029484 | Mixed inhibitor | Binds enzyme & regulatory site of ES complex 1. Apparent change in Km 2. Lower Vmax | 4 | |
| 7224030254 | Non-competitive inhibitor | Binds enzyme & regulatory site of ES complex equally 1. Lower apparent Km 2. Lower Vmax | 5 | |
| 7340043159 | Suicide inhibitor | -Only inhibitor that can act as an irreversible enzyme inhibitor -Occurs when an enzyme forms an irreversible complex with the inhibitor (structurally a substrate analogue) via a covalent bond -Inhibitor may be chemically modified by the enzyme to produce a reactive group that is specifically responsible for the formation of the irreversible inhibitor-enzyme complex | 6 | |
| 7224033870 | Lineweaver-Burk plot | Slope = Km/Vmax |  | 7 |
| 7224038416 | Michaelis Menten curve | *Uncompetitive moves left & down |  | 8 |
| 7246096088 | Hill coefficient | HC = 1: no cooperativity HC > 1: cooperativity | 9 | |
| 7250488988 | Glucagon | -Released by pancreatic alpha cells -Increase blood glucose levels | 10 | |
| 7250490491 | Insulin | -Released by pancreatic beta cells -Decrease blood glucose levels | 11 | |
| 7250473984 | Glycogenesis | -Glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage via glycogen synthase -Activated by insulin |  | 12 |
| 7250504610 | Glycogenolysis | -Breakdown of glycogen to glucose via glycogen phosphorylase -Activated by glucagon |  | 13 |
| 7250535679 | Gluconeogenesis | Generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources: 1. Proteins: glucogenic amino acids 2. Lipids: triglycerides, glycerol 3. Other steps of metabolism: lactate, pyruvate |  | 14 |
| 7250575536 | Pentose phosphate pathway | -Occurs in cytosol -Produces NADPH & pentose sugars for nucleotide biosynthesis Phase 1: Oxidative phase -> creation of NADPH (used as a reductive agent) Phase 2: Non-oxidative phase -> pentose synthesis |  | 15 |
| 7463781859 | Beta oxidation of fatty acids | -Process by which fatty acid molecules are broken to generate acetyl-CoA (enters the citric acid cycle), NADH, & FADH2 -Occurs in cytosol in prokaryotes -Occurs in mitochondria in eukaryotes | 16 | |
| 8020399748 | Glycolysis |  | 17 | |
| 8513064141 | Electron carriers in ETC | 1. Complex I: pumps 4 protons into IMS; shuttles 2 electrons to Q (becomes QH2) 2. Complex II: shuttles electrons to Q 3. Ubiquinone (Q): accepts 2 electrons & is reduced to ubiquinol (QH2) 4. Complex III (cyt bc1 complex): pumps 4 protons into IMS; Q cycle shifts electrons from QH2 to cyt c 5. Cyt C: can only accept/transfer 1 electron 6. Complex IV: pumps 2 protons into IMS; 2 cyt c's reduce 1/2 O2 to 1 H2O | 18 |