biochemistry Flashcards

5421472798	atom	smallest unit of matter	0
5421472799	molecule	two more more atoms covalently bonded together	1
5421474762	cohesion	same kind of molecules bond together	2
5421475735	adhesion	bonding together of different molecules	3
5421476522	ph scale	measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions	4
5421484001	acid	substance with ph less than 7	5
5421485315	base	substance with ph more than 7	6
5421486615	monomer	small repeating carbon based molecules that ink together	7
5421487479	polymer	long molecule consisting of man similar or identical monomers linked together	8
5426412617	carbohydrate	compounds made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen	9
5426419980	monosaccharide	single sugar molecule simplest type of sugar	10
5426434763	lipid	nonpolar molecules with hydrocarbon chains including fats and oils. not soluble in water.	11
5426444849	nucleic acid	a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.	12
5426459122	nucleotide	building block of DNA consisting of 5 carbon sugars covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and phosphate group	13
5426472164	protein	made up of chains of amino acids	14
5426475994	amino acid	monomer of protein	15
5426530086	chemical reaction	chemicals bonds are formed or broken and substances recombine	16
5426541271	activation energy	energy needed to start a chemical reaction	17
5426550110	enzyme	type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction to a living thing	18
5426558461	substrate	molecule which an enzyme acts upon on	19
5426601483	amino (makes it base)		20
5426584551	methyl (non-polar)		21
5426604911	hydroxyl (in alcohols)		22
5426610906	carboxyl (makes it acidic)		23
5426617540	carbonyl (in sugars)		24
5426652130	peptide	bonds for between acids through dehydration synthesis.	25
5426673175	primary protein structure	precise sequence of amino acids in the chain	26
5426682808	secondary protein structure	"local" 3d shapes swirly alpha helix triangle beta sheets	27
5426700705	tertiary protein structure	overall 3d shape of one poly-peptide	28
5426706228	quaternary protein structure	3d structure	29
5426712587	how do proteins denature	excessive heat, high acidity, can also be inhibited	30
5426722841	what happens when proteins are denatured	lose their shape and therefore their function	31
5426744194	endergonic	absorbs energy (makes bonds)	32
5426746304	exergonic	releases energy (breaks bonds)	33
5426770242	bonding - covalent	strong sticking	34
5426772167	bonding ionic	give take of elements	35
5426774551	bonding hydrogen	weakest	36
5440416736	starch	storage form of glucose used by plant cells	37
5440418987	glucose	storage form of glucose used by animal cells	38
5440425770	chiton	a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi and exoskeleton of insects	39
5440458586	ASE	Enzyme	40
5440460390	asE	sugar	41
5440466149	monounsaturated		42
5440468477	saturated		43
5440472063	polyunsaturated		44