Biochemistry Flashcards

6036612985	Matter	is anything that occupies space and has mass	0
6036612986	Mass	is the quantity of matter an object has	1
6036615293	Elements	are substrates that cannot be broken down chemically	2
6036615294	Atom	simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of that element	3
6036615295	Nucleus	makes up the bulk of the mass of the atom and consists of two kinds of substrates	4
6036618854	Proton	positively charged	5
6036618855	Neutron	has no charge	6
6036621172	Atomic Number	number of protons in an atom	7
6036621173	Mass Number	total number of protons and neutrons of an atom	8
6036623065	Electron	negatively charged particles	9
6036623066	Isotope	atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons	10
6036625213	Compound	combo of two or more elements in fixed proportions	11
6036625214	Chemical Bond	are the attractive forces that hold atoms together	12
6036627322	Covalent Bond	when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons	13
6036629647	Molecule	simplest part of a substrate that retains all of the properties of that substrate and can exist in a free state	14
6036629648	Ion	an atom or molecule with an electrical charge	15
6036632800	Ionic Bond	positive and negative charges attract each other	16
6036710936	Energy	the ability to do work	17
6036710937	Chemical Reaction	one or more substrates change to produce one or more different substances	18
6036712980	Reactant	shown to left	19
6036712981	Product	shown to right	20
6036714869	metabolism	term to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism	21
6036714870	Activation Energy	amount of energy needed to start the reaction	22
6036718663	Catalyst	chemical substance that reduces the amount of activation energy that is needed.	23
6036718664	Enzyme	a protein or RNA molecule that speeds up reactions without change	24
6036758141	Polar	a partial positive charge in one part of the molecule and complementary negative charge in another part.	25
6036760327	Hydrogen Bond	the force of attraction between a hydrogen molecule with a partial positive charge and another atom or molecule with a partial or full negative charge	26
6036762042	Cohesion	an attractive force that holds molecules of a single substrate together	27
6036762043	Adhesion	is the attractive force between two particle of different substances	28
6036765067	Solution	is a mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly distributed in anther substance	29
6036765068	Solute	is a substance dissolved in solvent	30
6036765069	Solvent	is the substance in which the solute is dissolved Example: Sugar	31
6036768826	Concentration	amount of solute disolved in a fixed amount of the solution	32
6036768827	Acid	7 and below example: soft drinks	33
6036771261	Base	7 and above example: bleach	34
6036771262	pH scale	<-----------	35