BIOCHEMISTRY Flashcards

5860343850	monomers	single unit a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.	0
5860405060	polymers	many molecules	1
5860413220	macromolecules	a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.	2
5860415985	dehydration synthesis	process in which 2 subunits are bonded together with the help of an enzyme resulting in the loss of water	3
5860428638	hydrolysis	process in which a macromolecule is broken down into its subunits with the help of an enzyme requiring the addition of water	4
5860450974	carbohydrates	function- quick energy, energy storage, structure monomer- monosaccarides polymer- polysaccarides examples- sugars and starches	5
5860477083	monosaccarides	composed of 1 sugar simple sugar ring sugar unit examples--fructose, glucose, glactose quick energy	6
5860490054	disaccharides	double sugar 2 sugar units bonded by dehydration synthesis source of monosaccharides examples-- maltose, sucrose, lactose	7
5860519634	polysaccarides	many sugars long chain of monosaccharides energy storage & structural support examples--starch, glycogen, cellulose	8
5860546859	tryglycerides	1 glycerol+3 fatty acids energy storage & insulation examples--fats oils waxes	9
5860560568	phospholipids	1 glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphate hydrohead, 2 hydrophobic tails forms cell membranes	10
5860573467	steroids	4 carbon rings makes up hormones-testosterone, estrogen, vitamins D,A,K	11
5860588320	hydrophobic substances	oils, fats, and greasy substances.	12
5860595962	hydrophilic substances	wood, cotton, leather, concrete	13
5860620589	protiens	monomer--amino acids function-- transfers information examples--muscles, hemoglobin	14
5860657651	how a peptide bond is formed		15
5860679199	dipeptide	a peptide composed of two amino-acid residues.	16
5860682013	polypeptide	a linear organic polymer consisting of a large number of amino-acid residues bonded together in a chain, forming part of (or the whole of) a protein molecule.	17
5860690517	how enzymes function in the chemical reactions of things	the body uses proteins called enzymes to break lactose into glucose	18
5860711657	nucleic acid	monomer- nucleotides polymer- dna & rna function- genetic material for all living cells.	19
5860730499	dna	encodes info to direct portion synthesis	20
5860730500	rna	messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins	21
5860746691	carbon compound characteristics	carbon is very special because it can form so many compounds can link together in long chains or rings	22