Biochemistry Flashcards

3849283144	Organic	Contains carbon	0
3849284152	Inorganic	Does not contain carbon	1
3849286011	Covalent Bond	Sharing of electrons between two nonmetals	2
3849288003	Ionic Bond	Occurs between a metal and nonmetal when electrons are not shared	3
3849294009	Hydrogen Bond	Positive negative attraction between two polar molecules	4
3849299609	Polar	Molecule that has a positive and negative charge	5
3849301023	Nonpolar	Molecule that has NO positive and negative charge	6
3849303082	Adhesion	Attraction of water to another substance	7
3849304459	Cohesion	Attraction of water molecules	8
3849307237	High Specific Heat	Allows it to mediate extreme temperatures	9
3849318911	Hydrophobic	Water fearing	10
3849320013	Hydrophilic	Water loving	11
3849321304	Hydrocarbon	Molecule consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms	12
3849324308	Functional Group	Cluster of atoms that makes a molecule hydrophilic	13
3849327323	Monomer	Individual repeating units	14
3849328222	Polymer	Many monomers connected together	15
3872158950	Condensation Reaction	Making a polymer from monomer units	16
3872179014	Dehydration Synthesis	Process of joining two molecules (or compounds) together following the removal of water	17
3872187919	Monosaccharide	A simple sugar, such as glucose or fructose	18
3872195859	Disaccharide	Any of a class of sugars, such as maltose, lactose, and sucrose, having two linked monosaccharide units per molecule	19
3872200930	Polysaccharide	A carbohydrate (e.g., starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together in a condensation reaction.	20
3872213352	Sucrose	Glucose + Fructose (table sugar)	21
3872215888	Maltose	Glucose + Glucose	22
3872217434	Lactose	Glucose + Galactose (milk sugar)	23
3872220594	Starch	Polysaccharide found in plants; digestible by animals	24
3872225380	Cellulose	Polysaccharide found in plants; plant cell walls; not digestible by animals	25
3872232790	Glycogen	Polysaccharide found in animals.	26
3872246150	Chitin	Polysaccharide; exoskeleton of insects	27
4981265007	Glucose	Most common monosaccharide	28
4981266724	Fructose	Monosaccharide found in fruit	29
4981271274	Galactose	Monosaccharide that is less sweet than glucose or fructose	30
4981291283	Fatty Acid	Monomer unit of lipids	31
4981294994	Triglyceride	3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule (how animals store fat)	32
4981304373	Phospholipid	Consists of a polar head and two nonpolar tails (main component of cell membranes)	33
4981331123	Carboxyl	Functional group in lipids (COOH)	34
4981337842	Saturated Fat	Lipid found in animals with no double bonds (solid at room temp)	35
4981343353	Unsaturated Fat	Lipid found in plants with double bonds and missing hydrogen atoms. (oil at room temp)	36
4981356594	Wax	Long chain fatty acid with an alcohol attached to one end. (solid, high melting point, retards water)	37
4981367565	Steroids	Lipid made of 4 fused carbon rings (ex: cholesterol)	38
4983569245	Amino Acid	Monomer unit to a protein	39
4983572995	Peptide Bond	Name of bond joining two amino acids	40
4983578120	Polypeptide	Chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds	41
4983582896	Enzyme	Type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions	42
4983676595	Denatured	When a protein loses shape and/or function	43
4983688524	Nucleotide	Monomer unit to a Nucleic Acid	44