Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 7112915435 | 3 bases upstream of start codon (AUG) | RCC where R = A or G plays a key role in the initiation process | 0 | |
| 7112918376 | Kozak consensus | Gcc Gcc Rcc AUGG | 1 | |
| 7113019868 | substrate with fastest glycolytic rate & why? | Fructose-1-phosphate bypass PFK-1, one of the regulating steps F1P -- Aldolase B --> DHAP & Glyceraldehyde DHAP -- Triose phosphate isomerase --> Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glyceraldehyde -- Triokinase --> Glyceraldehyde-3-P Glyceraldehyde-3-P --> pyruvate |  | 2 |
| 7113034444 | Cortisol increases the activity of which enzyme responsible in the catecholamine synthesis | Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase |  | 3 |
| 7113082268 | DNA pol III requires | RNA primer made from primase, a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | 4 | |
| 7113090859 | key defect in Hartnup | neutral amino acid transporters (small intestine & PCT) | 5 | |
| 7113091232 | Hartnup inheritance mode | AR, inactivating mutations | 6 | |
| 7113092764 | Hartnup supplementation | high protein diet + Niacin / Nicotinamide | 7 | |
| 7113103746 | Pellagra | Vit B3 deficiency Diarrhea Dermatitis Dementia | 8 | |
| 7113117515 | high [Sorbitol] is found in LuRKS | Lens: primarily Aldose Reductase Retina, Kidney, Schwann: only Aldose Reductase Glucose + NADPH -> Sorbitol (osmotically active) | 9 | |
| 7113123292 | in other organs, Sorbitol gets converted to | Sorbitol + NAD+ -> Fructose Sorbitol DH | 10 | |
| 7114209125 | hypoketotic hypoglycemia after prolonged fasting | B-oxidation defect medium chain Acyl-CoA DH deficiency (most common) | 11 | |
| 7121911068 | DNA pol I | lagging strand 5'-3' exonuclease (proof reading) | 12 | |
| 7121911069 | DNA pol III | leading strand 3'-5' exonuclease (proof reading) | 13 | |
| 7121938729 | Alkaptonuria pathway defect | Tyrone (tyrosine) the Homie (homogentisate) works out at the(HADO enzyme dfx) Maley (Maleyacetoacetate) Fitness (Fumarylacetoacetate -> Fumarate) Center (TCA) |  | 14 |
| 7122272057 | F6P -> F26BP | insulin | 15 | |
| 7122274114 | F26BP -> F6P | glucagon | 16 | |
| 7122414103 | Glutamine + CO2 + 2ATP | -> carbamoyl phosphate CPS II, cytosol first step of de novo pyrimidine synthesis | 17 | |
| 7122523335 | PKA activates which 2 enzyme in glycogen metabolism | Glycogen synthase (glycogenesis) Glycogen phosphorylase (glycogenolysis) | 18 | |
| 7122525582 | Regulation of glycogen phosphorylase (glycogenolysis) | +P: activated (glucagon) -P: deactivated (insulin) | 19 | |
| 7122529381 | phosphorylation favors | catabolism | 20 | |
| 7122558391 | glycogen storage dz (all AR) hypoglycemia not resolved by exogenous glucagon or epinephrine administration | von gierke's - type I glycogen-6-phosphatase (liver) | 21 | |
| 7122563345 | glycogen storage dz (all AR) fatal, especially bad for the heart | pompe - type II a1-4 glucosidase | 22 | |
| 7122571409 | glycogen storage dz (all AR) accumulation of short chain branched glycogen, some exercise intolerance, more mild | cori - type III a1-6 glucosidase | 23 | |
| 7122576668 | glycogen storage dz (all AR) exercise intolerance, elevated creatinine kinase & aldolase | mcardle - type IV glycogen phosphorylase | 24 | |
| 7122590335 | lipid retinal exudates pancreatitis xanthomas hepatosplenomegaly high chylomicron | Type I: dyslipidemia LPL & Apo-C II | 25 | |
| 7122591709 | CAD corneal arcus xantho tendons & eyelids high LDL | Type II A: hypercholesterolemia LDL-R & ApoB-100 | 26 | |
| 7122593077 | CAD, PAD xanthomas high chylo & VLDL rems | Type III: dysbetalipoproteinemia ApoE | 27 | |
| 7122593891 | increased risk of pancreatitis a/w obesity & diabetes high VLDL | Type IV: hypertriglyceridemia ApoA | 28 |