Biochemistry Flashcards

7774165764	Functions of carbohydrates	main source of energy, structural support in animals and plants	0
7774165765	Composition of carbohydrates	C, H, O atoms (1:2:1)	1
7774165766	Simple sugars	monosaccharide; monomers glucose, fructose, galactose	2
7774165767	Double sugars	disaccharide sucrose, lactose, maltose	3
7774165768	Complex sugars	polysaccharide starch, glucogen, cellulose	4
7774165769	Formula of carbohydrates	C6H12O6	5
7774165770	Simplest carbohydrate	sugars	6
7774165771	Similarity between sugars	formula	7
7774165772	Difference between sugars	structure	8
7774165773	Functions for lipids	energy storage, waterproofing, structure, hormones, make up membranes	9
7774165774	Composition for lipids	C, H, and some O atoms glycerol and fatty acids	10
7774165775	Phospholipid	building blocks of a cellular membrane consist of: polar head that is hydrophilic (water loving) non-polar tails that are hydrophobic (water fearing)	11
7774165776	Steroids	skeleton has 4 interconnected rings + different functional groups	12
7774165777	Triglyceride	body fat functions: cushion organs, insulation, long-term energy storage composed of: glycerol + 3 fatty acids	13
7774165778	Saturated fats	fatty acids with only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms (NO DOUBLE BOND)	14
7774165779	Unsaturated fats	contains one or more double bonds between two carbon atoms	15
7774165780	Mononsaturated fat	contains one double bond	16
7774165781	Polyunsaturated fat	contains more than one double bond	17
7774165782	Functions of nucleic acids	store and transmit genetic material	18
7774165783	Composition of nucleic acids	C, H, O, N, P atoms nitrogenous base, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group	19
7774165784	Two types of polymers of nucleic acids	DNA and RNA	20
7774165785	Monomer for nucleic acid	nucleotide: nitrogenous base 5-carbon sugar phosphate group	21
7774165786	RNA	translates info into proteins	22
7774165787	DNA	stores all information that a living organism requires to carry out the processes of life	23
7774165788	Adhesion	attraction between unlike molecules	24
7774165789	Amino acid	primary structure of a protein made up of amino group (NH2), central atom C, carboxyl group (CO2H), and a side chain	25
7774165791	Cohesion	atraction between molecules of the same substance	26
7774165793	Capillary action	tendency of water to rise in a thin tube	27
7774165801	Hydrolosis	a water molecule is added to disrupt the bond linking monomers together 1 molecule gains an -OH, the other gains an +H	28
7774298826	Polymerization	process of making larger molecules	29
7774301244	Monomer	single-subunit of a macromolecule	30
7774305550	Polymer	large molecules from repeating subunits of a smaller molecule	31
7774292380	Functional groups	groups of atoms that give similar properties onto otherwise dissimilar molecules	32
7774165804	Macromolecules	large polymers	33
7774165808	Polar	non-symmetric molecules	34
7774165809	Non-polar	symmetrical molecules	35
7774165811	Peptide bond	the way amino acids are held together	36
7774218347	Dehydration synthesis	two molecules covalently bond by removing an H2O molecule 1 molecule loses an -OH, the other loses an +H	37
7774229681	Functions of protein	structural support, storage, transport, defense, signaling, catalyst	38
7774231628	Composition of protein	C, H, O, N (some S)	39
7774263991	Covalent bonds	sharing of electrons	40