Biochemistry Flashcards

7762396641	organic compound	a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon,excluding carbonates and oxides.	0
7762396642	monomer	a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make polymer.	1
7762400043	polymer	a large molecule formed by more than 5 monomers.	2
7762407295	macromolecule	a very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds and thousands of atoms.	3
7762409043	carbohydrate	any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides energy to the cells of living things.	4
7762412872	monosaccharide	a simple sugar that is the basic subunit, or monomer, of a carbohydrate	5
7762419715	disaccharide	a sugar formed from two monosaccharides	6
7762422955	polysaccharide	one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; include starch, glycogen, cellouse	7
7762422956	protein	an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acid and is a principal component of all cells.	8
7762424781	amino acid	an organic molecule that contains a carboxyl and an amino group and that makes proteins.	9
7762426758	polypeptide	a long chain of amino acids	10
7762426759	enzyme	a type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without permanately changed or destroyed	11
7762429858	substrate	a part, a substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element	12
7762429859	active site	the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate	13
7762433988	lipid	a large, non polar molecule , including fats and steriods; store energy and make up cell membrane.	14
7762434019	fatty acid	an organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats and oils	15
7762440664	phospholipid	a lipid that contains a phosphorus and is a structural in cell membranes	16
7762442745	triglyceride	lipid made out of three fatty molecules and one glycerol molecule.	17
7762445479	nucleic acid	an organic compound, RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or more chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information.	18
7762450010	nucleotide	a nucleic acid chain, a sub-unit that consists of a sugar, a phosphorus, and a nitrogenous base.	19
7762455647	deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)	the material the contains information of inherited traits.	20
7762458482	ribonucleic acid (RNA)	a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in synthesis	21
7762460740	starch	created by plants and used for energy as a chain of glucose	22
7762460741	glucose	is a carbohydrate that is a monosaccaride and makes lactose and sucrose.	23
7762486169	cellulose	many glucose molecules bonded together to create a strong structure, made by plants and used for structure. Cant digest	24
7827254589	Function of Carbohydrate	provides energy for all living things provides structure for living things	25
7827274104	Glycogen	created by animals, chain of glucose stored in liver or muscle of animal and used for energy in animals	26
7827292696	Chitin	many glucose molecules bonded together to create a strong structure. Made by animals and fungi and used for structure	27
7827315147	Protein Functions	1. Form Structure- like muscles, tendons, and bone 2. Enzymes- biological catalysts that controls the rate of chemical reactions in organism 3. Hormones- regulate cell communication 4. Antibodies- provide immune response 5. Hemoglobin- protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen	28
7827362223	~Proteins do not provide energy, carbohydrates do~		29
7827367539	Lipid Monomer	called a fatty acid, which have 2 types called saturated and unsaturated	30
7827378475	Saturated Fatty Acid	full of hydrogen.	31
7827385917	Unsaturated Fatty Acid	Not full of hydrogen and can bend	32
7827393208	Lipid Polymer	Tryglyceride is 3 fatty acid bonded to a glycerol	33
7827415054	Chemical structure of Proteins	Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen	34
7827419831	Protein Monomer	Amino acid	35
7827423743	Protein Polymer	Polypeptide chain (many amino acids) ~Polypeptide chains combine and fold into varius protein molecules~	36
7827440776	Nucleic Acid Function	stores and transmit genetic information	37
7827457655	Nucleic Acid Chemical Structure	Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus	38
7827471922	Nucleic Acid Monomer	Nucleotide They are made of 3 parts, a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base.	39
7827497096	Nucleic Acid Polymer	DNA of RNA	40
7827496569	Nucleic Acid Polymer		41