biochemistry Flashcards

8205207795	nucleic acids function	stores genetic information	0
8205211707	proteins function	(many functions 10,000+) -speed up chemical reactions, structural support, communicate signals, control cell growth, transport within and between cells	1
8205232447	lipids function	energy storage, provide a barrier (membrane)	2
8205237481	carbohydrates function	store energy and provide support	3
8205373037	DNA structure	nucleotides	4
8205389191	phospholipids	found in cell membranes, helps form a barrier in cell membranes; Structure: has polar head and nonpolar tail	5
8211795647	hydrophobic	nonpolar, strong aversion to water	6
8211798545	hydrophilic	polar, likes water	7
8211830340	proteins structure		8
8211960064	food examples of carbohydrates	bread, potatoes, rice (starch)	9
8211976628	food examples of proteins	milk, meat, cheese	10
8211983078	food examples of lipids	eggs, butter	11
8211998688	food examples of nucleic acid	fruits vegetables	12
8249468398	elements in carbohydrates	C, H2O	13
8249472324	elements in lipids	C,H,O	14
8249482248	elements in proteins	C, H, O, N, S	15
8249488992	elements in nucleic acid	C, H, O, N, P	16
8249615815	monomer(building block) (for carbohydrates)	mono-sacchroid ------- ----------- ----ex. glucose 1 ---------- sugar	17
8249741211	polymer (for carbohydrates)	poly-sacchroid ------- ----------- ex. starch many sugar	18
8249771918	example of carbohydrates		19
8249780897	dehydration synthesis	process of combing 2 monomers by removing H2O	20
8249799089	monomer (for lipids)	fatty acid	21
8249822639	polymer (for lipids)	example: triglyeride , phorpholid	22
8249852475	example of lipid		23
8249870384	example of phospholipid		24
8249874956	steroid example		25
8249885523	monomer (for proteins)	amino acids (20)	26
8249893243	polymer (for proteins)	polypeptide	27
8249900768	example of proteins		28
8249921472	different protein structures	primary: (amino aid chain connected with peptide bond. o-o-o-o-o-o (polypeptide chain) secondary: polling creating alpha helix and better sheet w/ hydrogen bonds tertiary: helix and sheets interact quaternary: interaction of multiple folded polypeptides	29
8249985725	monomer (for nucleic acid)	nucleotides	30
8249994485	polymer (for nucleic acid)	DNA, RNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) (Ribonucleic Acid)	31
8250013850	example of nucleic acid		32
8250033401	DNA bases	double helix, bases are connected by hydrogen bonds	33
8250048209	RNA bases	single chain	34
8250095747	hydrolysis	a chemical reaction or process where a chemical compound reacts with water. This is the type of reaction that is used to break down polymers into many smaller units.	35
8250193863	polymer	a molecule, made from joining together many small molecules called monomers	36
8250208539	disaccaride	is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides (simple sugars) are joined by glycosidic linkage.	37
8250239713	amino acids	these are the building blocks of proteins	38
8250332013	peptide bonds	a covalent bond formed by joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another, with the removal of a molecule of water.	39
8250354470	polypeptide	a string of amino acids linked together	40
8250420981	fatty Acid	any of the saturated or unsaturated organic acids	41
8250553907	saturated	being a solution that is unable to absorb or dissolve any more of a solute at a given temperature and pressure.	42
8250553908	unsaturated	having carbon-carbon double or triple bonds and therefore not containing the greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms for the number of carbons.	43
8250559123	nitrogenous bases	is simply a nitrogen-containing molecule that has the same chemical properties as a base.	44
8250559124	nucleotides	a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.	45